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Телеграмна служба новин - Україна

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Мир сегодня с "Юрий Подоляка"

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Реальний Київ | Украина

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Україна Online: Новини | Політика

Телеграмна служба новин - Україна

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History of Marxism
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14.04.202512:45
The genocide committed against the ethnic Germans of Russia comprised a series of mass murders and genocidal actions that unfolded in the 1910s, 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s. In all, from 1915 to 1945, probably over one million Germans perished from unnatural causes under three successive Russian governments—those of Tsar Nicholas II, Lenin, and Stalin—chiefly by means of mass executions, forced labor, deliberate starvation, and brutal deportations.
During the Great Purge of 1936 to 1938, the Soviet government began targeting ethnic groups who were part of the intellectual class such as the Volga Germans, who were then subjected to forced deportation and extreme repression, some tens of thousands were also killed during the massacres in Belarus. They were deported eastward, which caused many thousands of deaths.
During the Great Purge of 1936 to 1938, the Soviet government began targeting ethnic groups who were part of the intellectual class such as the Volga Germans, who were then subjected to forced deportation and extreme repression, some tens of thousands were also killed during the massacres in Belarus. They were deported eastward, which caused many thousands of deaths.


13.04.202522:21
“Jews, Democrats, and Bolsheviks are the gravediggers of humanity. Therefore, we will fight until final victory”
U.S soldiers read National Socialist propaganda written on a wall in France, 1944.
U.S soldiers read National Socialist propaganda written on a wall in France, 1944.


13.04.202522:23
Female deaths in connection with the rapes in Germany, overall, are estimated at 240,000. Antony Beevor describes it as the "greatest phenomenon of mass rape in history" and concludes that at least 1.4 million were rape in east Prussia and Silesia alone.
In 2015, Antony Beevor's books were banned and censored in some Russian schools and colleges.
According to the Soviet war correspondent Natalya Gesse, Soviet soldiers raped German females from eight to eighty years old. Soviet and Polish women were not spared either. Geoffrey Roberts writes that the Red Army raped women in every country they passed through but mostly in Austria and Germany: 70,000–100,000 rapes in Vienna, and "hundreds of thousands" of rapes in Germany.
In 2015, Antony Beevor's books were banned and censored in some Russian schools and colleges.
According to the Soviet war correspondent Natalya Gesse, Soviet soldiers raped German females from eight to eighty years old. Soviet and Polish women were not spared either. Geoffrey Roberts writes that the Red Army raped women in every country they passed through but mostly in Austria and Germany: 70,000–100,000 rapes in Vienna, and "hundreds of thousands" of rapes in Germany.


10.04.202501:18
So sensitive to the Jewish question was the Soviet establishment that even the hint of so-called "hidden anti-semitism" was enough to cause expulsion from the Communist Party. Even criticizing someone who was Jewish was enough to cause dire consequences. For example:
"Two Ukrainian leaders, Grigory Petrovsky and Vlas Chubar, came to Moscow to personally complain to Stalin about Kaganovich's harsh measures in the Ukraine which were killing off all the most capable workers. Stalin defended Lazar Kaganovich and accused Petrovsky and Chubar of anti-semitism. Chubar was eventually shot, Petrovsky arrested, and Petrovsky's son was executed."
(Cantor, The Jewish Experience, pp 373.)
"Two Ukrainian leaders, Grigory Petrovsky and Vlas Chubar, came to Moscow to personally complain to Stalin about Kaganovich's harsh measures in the Ukraine which were killing off all the most capable workers. Stalin defended Lazar Kaganovich and accused Petrovsky and Chubar of anti-semitism. Chubar was eventually shot, Petrovsky arrested, and Petrovsky's son was executed."
(Cantor, The Jewish Experience, pp 373.)
08.04.202522:11
"Germany Must Perish!" Anti German Propaganda in the ww2 era:
Germany Must Perish! is a 104-page book written by Theodore N. Kaufman, which he self-published in 1941 in the United States. The book advocated genocide through the sterilization of all Germans and the territorial dismemberment of Germany, believing that this would achieve world peace
Kaufman, the author was born in Manhattan, on February 22, 1910, to a Jewish family.
Kaufman summarized Germany Must Perish! in advertisements in The New York Times and New York Post as: "A dynamic volume outlining a plan for the extinction of Germany and containing a map showing possible dissection and apportionment of its territory."
Kaufman defended his plan for the "sterilization of all Germans" in an interview published in the September 26, 1941, issue of The Canadian Jewish Chronicle:
"I believe that the Jews have a mission in life. They must see to it that the nations of the world get together in one vast federation. "Union Now" is the beginning of this. Slowly but surely the world will develop into a paradise. We will have perpetual peace. And the Jews will do the most to bring about this confederation, because they have the most to gain. But how can you get peace if Germany exists? The only way to win an eternal peace is to make the punishment of waging war more horrible than war itself. Human beings are penalized for murder, aren't they? Well, Germany starts all the wars of magnitude. Let us sterilize all Germans and wars of world domination will come to an end!"
The book's dust jacket contained excerpts from reviews of the book. One blurb read: "A Plan For Permanent Peace Among Civilized Nations! -- New York Times."
Germany Must Perish! is a 104-page book written by Theodore N. Kaufman, which he self-published in 1941 in the United States. The book advocated genocide through the sterilization of all Germans and the territorial dismemberment of Germany, believing that this would achieve world peace
Kaufman, the author was born in Manhattan, on February 22, 1910, to a Jewish family.
Kaufman summarized Germany Must Perish! in advertisements in The New York Times and New York Post as: "A dynamic volume outlining a plan for the extinction of Germany and containing a map showing possible dissection and apportionment of its territory."
Kaufman defended his plan for the "sterilization of all Germans" in an interview published in the September 26, 1941, issue of The Canadian Jewish Chronicle:
"I believe that the Jews have a mission in life. They must see to it that the nations of the world get together in one vast federation. "Union Now" is the beginning of this. Slowly but surely the world will develop into a paradise. We will have perpetual peace. And the Jews will do the most to bring about this confederation, because they have the most to gain. But how can you get peace if Germany exists? The only way to win an eternal peace is to make the punishment of waging war more horrible than war itself. Human beings are penalized for murder, aren't they? Well, Germany starts all the wars of magnitude. Let us sterilize all Germans and wars of world domination will come to an end!"
The book's dust jacket contained excerpts from reviews of the book. One blurb read: "A Plan For Permanent Peace Among Civilized Nations! -- New York Times."
13.04.202522:24
The Rape of Berlin part 2:
Eyewitness accounts-
A documentary book, "War's Unwomanly Face" by Svetlana Alexievich, includes memories by Soviet veterans about their experience in Germany. According to a former army officer:
"We were young, strong, and four years without women. So we tried to catch German women and.... Ten men raped one girl. There were not enough women; the entire population run from the Soviet Army. So we had to take young, twelve or thirteen year-old. If she cried, we put something into her mouth. We thought it was fun. Now I can not understand how I did it. A boy from a good family.... But that was me."
A woman telephone operator from the Soviet Army recalled:
"When we occupied every town, we had first three days for looting and. [rapes]. That was unofficial of course. But after three days one could be court-martialed for doing this. I remember one raped German woman laying naked, with hand grenade between her legs. Now I feel shame, but I did not feel shame back then.Do you think it was easy to forgive [the Germans]? We hated to see their clean undamaged white houses. With roses. I wanted them to suffer. I wanted to see their tears. Decades had to pass until I started feeling pity for them."
Russian historian Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn witnessed war crimes against local German civilians by Soviet military personnel. Of the atrocities, Solzhenitsyn wrote: "You know very well that we've come to Germany to take our revenge."
Eyewitness accounts-
A documentary book, "War's Unwomanly Face" by Svetlana Alexievich, includes memories by Soviet veterans about their experience in Germany. According to a former army officer:
"We were young, strong, and four years without women. So we tried to catch German women and.... Ten men raped one girl. There were not enough women; the entire population run from the Soviet Army. So we had to take young, twelve or thirteen year-old. If she cried, we put something into her mouth. We thought it was fun. Now I can not understand how I did it. A boy from a good family.... But that was me."
A woman telephone operator from the Soviet Army recalled:
"When we occupied every town, we had first three days for looting and. [rapes]. That was unofficial of course. But after three days one could be court-martialed for doing this. I remember one raped German woman laying naked, with hand grenade between her legs. Now I feel shame, but I did not feel shame back then.Do you think it was easy to forgive [the Germans]? We hated to see their clean undamaged white houses. With roses. I wanted them to suffer. I wanted to see their tears. Decades had to pass until I started feeling pity for them."
Russian historian Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn witnessed war crimes against local German civilians by Soviet military personnel. Of the atrocities, Solzhenitsyn wrote: "You know very well that we've come to Germany to take our revenge."
14.04.202512:47
Part 2 "The Volga German Genocide":
Finally, in 1941, by order of Stalin, all ethnic Germans of Russia were deported to forced labor gulag concentration camps located in Siberia and other areas of Central Asia, leading to genocide. Later, with the opening of the borders after the collapse of the Soviet Union, several survivors chose to emigrate to Germany.
The Soviet regime stated that the evacuation was a preventive measure so that the German population would not be misled into collaborating with the German Army rather than a punitive measure, and they did not reveal the sentence to the forced labor camps. Stalin allegedly gave the following "secret" order to the NKVD, produced in German controlled Latvia on September 20, 1941:
"After the house search, tell everyone who is scheduled to be deported that, according to the government's decision, they are being sent to other regions of the USSR. Transport the entire family in one car until the train station, but at the station, heads of families must be loaded into a separate train car prepared especially for them. Their families are deported for special settlements in the far away regions of the Union. [Family members] must not know about the forthcoming separation from the head of the family."
The reason for separating the men is that they were all destined for forced labor camps, Trudarmee (NKVD labor army). The deported and enslaved Germans coined this phrase, whereas Soviet documents only referred to "labor obligations" or "labor regulations." Men between the ages of 15 and 55 and, later, women between the ages of 16 and 45 were forced to do labor in the forests and mines of Siberia and Central Asia under conditions similar to that prevalent in the Gulag forced labor camps, while other Germans were directly deported to Gulag forced labor camps.
Finally, in 1941, by order of Stalin, all ethnic Germans of Russia were deported to forced labor gulag concentration camps located in Siberia and other areas of Central Asia, leading to genocide. Later, with the opening of the borders after the collapse of the Soviet Union, several survivors chose to emigrate to Germany.
The Soviet regime stated that the evacuation was a preventive measure so that the German population would not be misled into collaborating with the German Army rather than a punitive measure, and they did not reveal the sentence to the forced labor camps. Stalin allegedly gave the following "secret" order to the NKVD, produced in German controlled Latvia on September 20, 1941:
"After the house search, tell everyone who is scheduled to be deported that, according to the government's decision, they are being sent to other regions of the USSR. Transport the entire family in one car until the train station, but at the station, heads of families must be loaded into a separate train car prepared especially for them. Their families are deported for special settlements in the far away regions of the Union. [Family members] must not know about the forthcoming separation from the head of the family."
The reason for separating the men is that they were all destined for forced labor camps, Trudarmee (NKVD labor army). The deported and enslaved Germans coined this phrase, whereas Soviet documents only referred to "labor obligations" or "labor regulations." Men between the ages of 15 and 55 and, later, women between the ages of 16 and 45 were forced to do labor in the forests and mines of Siberia and Central Asia under conditions similar to that prevalent in the Gulag forced labor camps, while other Germans were directly deported to Gulag forced labor camps.
08.04.202523:48
Ilya Ehrenburg: Soviet Propagandist that encouraged the killing of German civilians
Ilya Ehrenburg was born in Kiev to a Lithuanian-Jewish family. Ehrenburg was among the most prolific and notable authors of the Soviet Union, he was perhaps most notorious for his viciously anti-German hate propaganda in World War II. In it, he encouraged Soviet troops to kill all Germans they encountered without pity.
Ehrenburg’s writings were a prime motivating factor in the orgy of murder and rape against the civilian population that took place as Soviet troops rampaged into the heart of Europe. Appealing to the lowest, most subhuman instincts of this Bolshevik horde, he reiterated his genocidal message:
“Kill! Kill! In the German race there is nothing but evil; not one among the living, not one among the yet unborn but is evil! Follow the precepts of Comrade Stalin. Stamp out the fascist beast once and for all in its lair! Use force and break the racial pride of these German women. Take them as your lawful booty. Kill! As you storm onward, kill, you gallant soldiers of the Red Army.”
In one leaflet entitled “Kill,” Ehrenburg incited the simple Russian soldier to treat the Germans as subhuman. The final paragraph concludes:
“The Germans are not human beings. From now on, the word ‘German’ is the most horrible curse. From now on, the word ‘German’ strikes us to the quick. We have nothing to discuss. We will not get excited. We will kill. If you have not killed at least one German a day, you have wasted that day… If you cannot kill a German with a bullet, then kill him with your bayonet. If your part of the front is quiet and there is no fighting, then kill a German in the meantime … If you have already killed a German, then kill another one — there is nothing more amusing to us than a heap of German corpses. Don’t count the days, don’t count the kilometers. Count only one thing: the number of Germans you have killed. Kill the Germans! … — Kill the Germans! Kill!”
Ilya Ehrenburg was born in Kiev to a Lithuanian-Jewish family. Ehrenburg was among the most prolific and notable authors of the Soviet Union, he was perhaps most notorious for his viciously anti-German hate propaganda in World War II. In it, he encouraged Soviet troops to kill all Germans they encountered without pity.
Ehrenburg’s writings were a prime motivating factor in the orgy of murder and rape against the civilian population that took place as Soviet troops rampaged into the heart of Europe. Appealing to the lowest, most subhuman instincts of this Bolshevik horde, he reiterated his genocidal message:
“Kill! Kill! In the German race there is nothing but evil; not one among the living, not one among the yet unborn but is evil! Follow the precepts of Comrade Stalin. Stamp out the fascist beast once and for all in its lair! Use force and break the racial pride of these German women. Take them as your lawful booty. Kill! As you storm onward, kill, you gallant soldiers of the Red Army.”
In one leaflet entitled “Kill,” Ehrenburg incited the simple Russian soldier to treat the Germans as subhuman. The final paragraph concludes:
“The Germans are not human beings. From now on, the word ‘German’ is the most horrible curse. From now on, the word ‘German’ strikes us to the quick. We have nothing to discuss. We will not get excited. We will kill. If you have not killed at least one German a day, you have wasted that day… If you cannot kill a German with a bullet, then kill him with your bayonet. If your part of the front is quiet and there is no fighting, then kill a German in the meantime … If you have already killed a German, then kill another one — there is nothing more amusing to us than a heap of German corpses. Don’t count the days, don’t count the kilometers. Count only one thing: the number of Germans you have killed. Kill the Germans! … — Kill the Germans! Kill!”


19.04.202504:14
Like other leaders who have crossed the Zionists, Sultan Adulhamid II appears to have sealed his fate with the Jewish Dönmeh with this statement to his Ottoman court:
“Advise Dr. Herzl not to take any further steps in his project. I cannot give away even a handful of the soil of this land for it is not my own, it belongs to the entire Islamic nation. The Islamic nation fought jihad for the sake of this land and had watered it with their blood. The Jews may keep their money and millions. If the Islamic Khalifate state is one day destroyed then they will be able to take Palestine without a price! But while I am alive, I would rather push a sword into my body than see the land of Palestine cut and given away from the Islamic state.”
The Young Turks who dethroned Sultan Abdülhamid II in 1909 exiled the sultan to Thessaloniki and imprisoned him in the house of a Jewish banker called Allatini.
“Advise Dr. Herzl not to take any further steps in his project. I cannot give away even a handful of the soil of this land for it is not my own, it belongs to the entire Islamic nation. The Islamic nation fought jihad for the sake of this land and had watered it with their blood. The Jews may keep their money and millions. If the Islamic Khalifate state is one day destroyed then they will be able to take Palestine without a price! But while I am alive, I would rather push a sword into my body than see the land of Palestine cut and given away from the Islamic state.”
The Young Turks who dethroned Sultan Abdülhamid II in 1909 exiled the sultan to Thessaloniki and imprisoned him in the house of a Jewish banker called Allatini.
14.04.202523:04
The Jewish Spies that Stole US Nuclear Secrets
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were Jewish American citizens who were convicted of spying on behalf of the Soviet Union. The couple was accused of providing top-secret information about radar, sonar, jet propulsion engines, and valuable nuclear weapon designs; at that time the United States was the only country in the world with nuclear weapons. Convicted of espionage in 1951, they were executed by the federal government of the United States in 1953 in the Sing Sing correctional facility in Ossining, New York.
Other convicted co-conspirators were sentenced to prison, including Ethel's brother, David Greenglass (who had made a plea agreement), Harry Gold, and Morton Sobell. Everyone charged happened to be Jewish, which added to the controversy.
Klaus Fuchs, a German scientist working in Los Alamos, was convicted in the United Kingdom. Fuchs had given key documents to the Soviets throughout the war.
Fuchs identified his courier as American Harry Gold, who was arrested on May 23, 1950.Gold confessed and identified David Greenglass as an additional source.
On June 15, 1950, David Greenglass was arrested by the FBI for espionage and soon confessed to having passed secret information on to the USSR through Gold. He also claimed that his sister Ethel's husband Julius Rosenberg had convinced David's wife Ruth to recruit him while visiting him in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 1944. He said Julius had passed secrets and thus linked him to the Soviet contact agent Anatoli Yakovlev. This connection would be necessary as evidence if there was to be a conviction for espionage of the Rosenbergs.
Another accused conspirator, Morton Sobell, fled with his family to Mexico City after Greenglass was arrested. They took assumed names and he tried to figure out a way to reach Europe without a passport. Abandoning that effort, he returned to Mexico City. He claimed that he was kidnapped by members of the Mexican secret police and driven to the U.S. border, where he was arrested by U.S. forces.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were Jewish American citizens who were convicted of spying on behalf of the Soviet Union. The couple was accused of providing top-secret information about radar, sonar, jet propulsion engines, and valuable nuclear weapon designs; at that time the United States was the only country in the world with nuclear weapons. Convicted of espionage in 1951, they were executed by the federal government of the United States in 1953 in the Sing Sing correctional facility in Ossining, New York.
Other convicted co-conspirators were sentenced to prison, including Ethel's brother, David Greenglass (who had made a plea agreement), Harry Gold, and Morton Sobell. Everyone charged happened to be Jewish, which added to the controversy.
Klaus Fuchs, a German scientist working in Los Alamos, was convicted in the United Kingdom. Fuchs had given key documents to the Soviets throughout the war.
Fuchs identified his courier as American Harry Gold, who was arrested on May 23, 1950.Gold confessed and identified David Greenglass as an additional source.
On June 15, 1950, David Greenglass was arrested by the FBI for espionage and soon confessed to having passed secret information on to the USSR through Gold. He also claimed that his sister Ethel's husband Julius Rosenberg had convinced David's wife Ruth to recruit him while visiting him in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 1944. He said Julius had passed secrets and thus linked him to the Soviet contact agent Anatoli Yakovlev. This connection would be necessary as evidence if there was to be a conviction for espionage of the Rosenbergs.
Another accused conspirator, Morton Sobell, fled with his family to Mexico City after Greenglass was arrested. They took assumed names and he tried to figure out a way to reach Europe without a passport. Abandoning that effort, he returned to Mexico City. He claimed that he was kidnapped by members of the Mexican secret police and driven to the U.S. border, where he was arrested by U.S. forces.


20.04.202518:37
Joseph Stalin, in concert with other communist leaders, planned to expel all ethnic Germans from that fell inside the Soviet occupation zones in Central and Eastern Europe.
Between 1944 and 1948, millions of ethnic Germans were permanently or temporarily moved from Central and Eastern Europe. By 1950, a total of approximately 12 million.
The death toll attributable to the flight and expulsions is disputed, with estimates ranging from 500,000–600,000 and up to 2 to 2.5 million. Refugee treks which came within reach of the advancing Soviets often suffered casualties when targeted by low-flying aircraft, and some people were crushed by Soviet tanks.
Between 1944 and 1948, millions of ethnic Germans were permanently or temporarily moved from Central and Eastern Europe. By 1950, a total of approximately 12 million.
The death toll attributable to the flight and expulsions is disputed, with estimates ranging from 500,000–600,000 and up to 2 to 2.5 million. Refugee treks which came within reach of the advancing Soviets often suffered casualties when targeted by low-flying aircraft, and some people were crushed by Soviet tanks.
07.04.202521:49
Lazar Kagnovich, Architect of the Holodomor:
Lazar Kaganovich played a significant role in the Holodomor, the devastating man made famine that struck Ukraine in 1932-1933. As a close associate of Joseph Stalin and a member of the Soviet Politburo, Kaganovich was instrumental in implementing the policies that led to the famine.
Lazar Kaganovich was born on November 22, 1893, in the village of Kabany, near Kiev, Ukraine, to a Jewish family.
In 1932, Kaganovich was appointed as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine, a position that gave him significant control over the region's agricultural policies.
Kagnovich oversaw the forced collectivization of agriculture in Ukraine, which led to the confiscation of grain and livestock from peasants. He also implemented a system of grain requisition, which forced peasants to hand over their entire harvest to the state, leaving them without enough food to survive.
The ensuing starvation grew to a massive scale by the spring of 1933, but Kagnovich refused to provide relief. In fact, the Soviet Union exported more than a million tons of grain to the West during this period.
Even Soviet leadership became concerned with the mass amount of deaths caused by Kaganovich's brutal policies:
"Two Ukrainian leaders, Grigory Petrovsky and Vlas Chubar, came to Moscow to personally complain to Stalin about Kaganovich's harsh measures in the Ukraine which were killing off all the most capable workers. Stalin defended Lazar Kaganovich and accused Petrovsky and Chubar of anti-semitism. Chubar was eventually shot, Petrovsky arrested, and Petrovsky's son was executed."
(Cantor, The Jewish Experience, pp 373.)
Estimates suggest that between 3-5 million people died during the Holodomor, with some estimates as high as 10 million.
Lazar Kaganovich played a significant role in the Holodomor, the devastating man made famine that struck Ukraine in 1932-1933. As a close associate of Joseph Stalin and a member of the Soviet Politburo, Kaganovich was instrumental in implementing the policies that led to the famine.
Lazar Kaganovich was born on November 22, 1893, in the village of Kabany, near Kiev, Ukraine, to a Jewish family.
In 1932, Kaganovich was appointed as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine, a position that gave him significant control over the region's agricultural policies.
Kagnovich oversaw the forced collectivization of agriculture in Ukraine, which led to the confiscation of grain and livestock from peasants. He also implemented a system of grain requisition, which forced peasants to hand over their entire harvest to the state, leaving them without enough food to survive.
The ensuing starvation grew to a massive scale by the spring of 1933, but Kagnovich refused to provide relief. In fact, the Soviet Union exported more than a million tons of grain to the West during this period.
Even Soviet leadership became concerned with the mass amount of deaths caused by Kaganovich's brutal policies:
"Two Ukrainian leaders, Grigory Petrovsky and Vlas Chubar, came to Moscow to personally complain to Stalin about Kaganovich's harsh measures in the Ukraine which were killing off all the most capable workers. Stalin defended Lazar Kaganovich and accused Petrovsky and Chubar of anti-semitism. Chubar was eventually shot, Petrovsky arrested, and Petrovsky's son was executed."
(Cantor, The Jewish Experience, pp 373.)
Estimates suggest that between 3-5 million people died during the Holodomor, with some estimates as high as 10 million.
07.04.202521:50
German Prisoners of War in the Soviet union:
Approximately three million German
prisoners of war were captured by the Soviet Union during World War II, most of them during the great advances of the Red Army in the last year of the war. The POWs were employed as forced labor in the Soviet wartime economy and post-war reconstruction.
According to Edward Peterson, the U.S. chose to hand over several hundred thousand German prisoners to the Soviet Union in May 1945 as a "gesture of friendship".
A commission set up by the West German government found that 3,060,000 German military personnel were taken prisoner by the USSR and that 1,094,250 died in captivity.
Many Germans were sent to logging camps in Siberia or mining in the Ural Mountains. Imprisonment was generally harsh. A young POW recalled being subjected to "brutal assaults on a daily basis, hunger, disease, and the cold."
The Soviets were not alone in their treatment of German POWS. An estimated thousands died in American stockades because of neglect and hunger between May and July of 1945. Many also died while working to rebuild war-ravaged France, often tasked with dangerous tasks such as removing explosives from mine fields.
Approximately three million German
prisoners of war were captured by the Soviet Union during World War II, most of them during the great advances of the Red Army in the last year of the war. The POWs were employed as forced labor in the Soviet wartime economy and post-war reconstruction.
According to Edward Peterson, the U.S. chose to hand over several hundred thousand German prisoners to the Soviet Union in May 1945 as a "gesture of friendship".
A commission set up by the West German government found that 3,060,000 German military personnel were taken prisoner by the USSR and that 1,094,250 died in captivity.
Many Germans were sent to logging camps in Siberia or mining in the Ural Mountains. Imprisonment was generally harsh. A young POW recalled being subjected to "brutal assaults on a daily basis, hunger, disease, and the cold."
The Soviets were not alone in their treatment of German POWS. An estimated thousands died in American stockades because of neglect and hunger between May and July of 1945. Many also died while working to rebuild war-ravaged France, often tasked with dangerous tasks such as removing explosives from mine fields.
15.04.202515:58
Life Behind the Iron Curtain, East Germany Under the Stasi:
What distinguished Stasi from other surveillance systems was the massive number of its informants.
In Germany, they were known as informal collaborators, or—“Inoffizieller Mitarbeiter”—IMs. Though estimates vary, we can say with confidence that in 1989, on the cusp of the fall of the Berlin Wall, the East German government employed more than 170,000 of these IMs.
When you consider that the entire population of the country was only 16 million at the time, this means that more than 1% of the population served as informants.
Zersetzung was a form of psychological harassment to wreak havoc on an individual, without any need to arrest or torture the target.
The goal was to destroy secretly the self-confidence of people, for example by damaging their reputation, by organizing failures in their work, and by destroying their personal relationships. Considering this, East Germany was a very modern dictatorship.
What distinguished Stasi from other surveillance systems was the massive number of its informants.
In Germany, they were known as informal collaborators, or—“Inoffizieller Mitarbeiter”—IMs. Though estimates vary, we can say with confidence that in 1989, on the cusp of the fall of the Berlin Wall, the East German government employed more than 170,000 of these IMs.
When you consider that the entire population of the country was only 16 million at the time, this means that more than 1% of the population served as informants.
Zersetzung was a form of psychological harassment to wreak havoc on an individual, without any need to arrest or torture the target.
The goal was to destroy secretly the self-confidence of people, for example by damaging their reputation, by organizing failures in their work, and by destroying their personal relationships. Considering this, East Germany was a very modern dictatorship.
09.04.202518:30
How Israel transfered US tech to China
Uri Dan, writing in the New York Post, March 30, 1997, reported that back in 1979 then-Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin got U.S. approval for authorising Shaul Eisenberg to undertake a $10 billion 10-year deal to modernise the Chinese armed forces thereby “strengthening the counterbalance to Soviet military might.” Dan describes this deal as “one of the most important in Israeli history” and that “the Chinese insisted on absolute secrecy.”[2]
Israel’s role as a major supplier of arms for China, including sophisticated military equipment originating from the USA, has become a public scandal on several occasions over the past decade.
In 1999 the New York Times reported: “Israel has long had a close, secretive military relationship with China that arms experts say has resulted in billions of dollars of weapons sales in recent years and raised a variety of concerns in the United States." [3] Note that The Times stated the Sino-Israeli relationship is close, secret, and of long duration.
Elta, a subsidiary of the Israeli Aircraft Industry, designed Phalcon, a sophisticated radar system for the Chinese Air Force.[4]
In 1999 Howard Phillips reported:
Israel is China’s second-largest supplier. A recent report by Kenneth W. Allen and Eric A. McVadon of the Henry L. Stimson Center, a research organization in Washington, said Israel had provided China with a range of weapons–including electronic components for tanks, communications and optical equipment, aircraft and missiles–during a relationship that began at least two decades ago. Full diplomatic ties were not established until 1997.“Both China and Israel appear to gain military and political benefits from the arms and technology transfer relationship,” the report said. “Besides seeking money from China, some Israeli officials claim the sale of military technology to China will secure Beijing’s agreement not to sell specific weapons to Israel’s enemies in the Middle East.”[5]
After a deal between China and Israel on advanced weapons technology became public and resulted in cancellation, Israeli and Chinese diplomats met to overcome difficulties. A Jewish newspaper reported:
JERUSALEM — Defense Minister Binyamin Ben-Eliezer met with Chinese Ambassador Pan Zhanlin in Tel Aviv Monday to discuss the cancellation of Israel’s sale of the Phalcon advanced radar system.
.
Ben-Eliezer appraised relations between the two countries and glossed over the affair. “We have to see it as an incident inside the family and not as a crisis between two states,” he told Zhanlin. Ben-Eliezer promised to work to strengthen the defense ties with Beijing.
.
Zhanlin told Ben-Eliezer that he believes China knows how to overcome the difficulties and strengthen the ties, according to a statement issued by the Defense Ministry. China is fully prepared to cooperate with Israel.”[6]
[1] “Israel, China Celebrate 10 Years of Diplomatic Ties,” People’s Daily, January 25, 2002.
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[2] Guang Pan, “China’s Success in the Middle East,” Middle East Quarterly, Vol. IV, No. 4, December 1997. Guang Pan is professor of political science and history at the Institute of European and Asian Studies in Shanghai, and director of the Chinese Society of Middle East Studies, with a special interest in Jewish, Middle Eastern, and international studies.
.
[3] Victor Ostrovsky, By Way of Deception: The Making & Unmaking of a Mossad Officer, (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1990), `26.
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[4] Michael Collins Piper, “Chinese Espionage and Israel,” an open letter to Congressman Christopher Cox, May 6, 1999. http://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg12562.html
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[5] “Taiwan at risk from transfer of US originated technology,” Howard Phillips Issues & Strategy Bulletin, July 31, 1999. For numerous examples see: http://www.conservativeusa.org/redchina-military-old.htm
Uri Dan, writing in the New York Post, March 30, 1997, reported that back in 1979 then-Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin got U.S. approval for authorising Shaul Eisenberg to undertake a $10 billion 10-year deal to modernise the Chinese armed forces thereby “strengthening the counterbalance to Soviet military might.” Dan describes this deal as “one of the most important in Israeli history” and that “the Chinese insisted on absolute secrecy.”[2]
Israel’s role as a major supplier of arms for China, including sophisticated military equipment originating from the USA, has become a public scandal on several occasions over the past decade.
In 1999 the New York Times reported: “Israel has long had a close, secretive military relationship with China that arms experts say has resulted in billions of dollars of weapons sales in recent years and raised a variety of concerns in the United States." [3] Note that The Times stated the Sino-Israeli relationship is close, secret, and of long duration.
Elta, a subsidiary of the Israeli Aircraft Industry, designed Phalcon, a sophisticated radar system for the Chinese Air Force.[4]
In 1999 Howard Phillips reported:
Israel is China’s second-largest supplier. A recent report by Kenneth W. Allen and Eric A. McVadon of the Henry L. Stimson Center, a research organization in Washington, said Israel had provided China with a range of weapons–including electronic components for tanks, communications and optical equipment, aircraft and missiles–during a relationship that began at least two decades ago. Full diplomatic ties were not established until 1997.“Both China and Israel appear to gain military and political benefits from the arms and technology transfer relationship,” the report said. “Besides seeking money from China, some Israeli officials claim the sale of military technology to China will secure Beijing’s agreement not to sell specific weapons to Israel’s enemies in the Middle East.”[5]
After a deal between China and Israel on advanced weapons technology became public and resulted in cancellation, Israeli and Chinese diplomats met to overcome difficulties. A Jewish newspaper reported:
JERUSALEM — Defense Minister Binyamin Ben-Eliezer met with Chinese Ambassador Pan Zhanlin in Tel Aviv Monday to discuss the cancellation of Israel’s sale of the Phalcon advanced radar system.
.
Ben-Eliezer appraised relations between the two countries and glossed over the affair. “We have to see it as an incident inside the family and not as a crisis between two states,” he told Zhanlin. Ben-Eliezer promised to work to strengthen the defense ties with Beijing.
.
Zhanlin told Ben-Eliezer that he believes China knows how to overcome the difficulties and strengthen the ties, according to a statement issued by the Defense Ministry. China is fully prepared to cooperate with Israel.”[6]
[1] “Israel, China Celebrate 10 Years of Diplomatic Ties,” People’s Daily, January 25, 2002.
.
[2] Guang Pan, “China’s Success in the Middle East,” Middle East Quarterly, Vol. IV, No. 4, December 1997. Guang Pan is professor of political science and history at the Institute of European and Asian Studies in Shanghai, and director of the Chinese Society of Middle East Studies, with a special interest in Jewish, Middle Eastern, and international studies.
.
[3] Victor Ostrovsky, By Way of Deception: The Making & Unmaking of a Mossad Officer, (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1990), `26.
.
[4] Michael Collins Piper, “Chinese Espionage and Israel,” an open letter to Congressman Christopher Cox, May 6, 1999. http://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg12562.html
.
[5] “Taiwan at risk from transfer of US originated technology,” Howard Phillips Issues & Strategy Bulletin, July 31, 1999. For numerous examples see: http://www.conservativeusa.org/redchina-military-old.htm
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