Мир сегодня с "Юрий Подоляка"
Мир сегодня с "Юрий Подоляка"
Труха⚡️Україна
Труха⚡️Україна
Николаевский Ванёк
Николаевский Ванёк
Мир сегодня с "Юрий Подоляка"
Мир сегодня с "Юрий Подоляка"
Труха⚡️Україна
Труха⚡️Україна
Николаевский Ванёк
Николаевский Ванёк
QOPHII QORMAATA KUTAA 12FFAA (BARNOOTA) avatar

QOPHII QORMAATA KUTAA 12FFAA (BARNOOTA)

SABA GUDDAA WAAN TAANEEF
MIIDIYAA GUDDAATU NUUF MALA!
✉️NU QUUNNAMUUF✉️
@SAGALEESABAADM
Рэйтынг TGlist
0
0
ТыпПублічны
Вертыфікацыя
Не вертыфікаваны
Надзейнасць
Не надзейны
Размяшчэнне
МоваІншая
Дата стварэння каналаJul 07, 2024
Дадана ў TGlist
Oct 09, 2024
Прыкрепленая група

Апошнія публікацыі ў групе "QOPHII QORMAATA KUTAA 12FFAA (BARNOOTA)"

Answers:

1. d 2. b 3. d 4. b
5. b 6. a 7. a 8. a
9. a 10. c 11. c 12. a
13. a 14. d 15. d 16. d
17. d 18. a 19. b 20. b

Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
QUIZ ON THE ROLE OF ENZYME IN HUMAN DIGESTION


Mouth

1. Which enzyme begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?
    a) Pepsin
    b) Amylase
    c) Lipase
    d) Trypsin

2. What is the optimal pH for salivary amylase to function?
    a)  Highly acidic (pH 1-2)
    b)  Slightly acidic (pH 5-6)
    c)  Neutral (pH 7)
    d)  Slightly alkaline (pH 7-8)

Stomach

3. Which enzyme, produced in the stomach, breaks down proteins?
    a) Amylase
    b) Lipase
    c) Pepsin
    d) Trypsin

4. What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
    a)  Neutralizes the pH of food
    b)  Activates pepsin
    c)  Breaks down fats
    d)  Absorbs nutrients

5. What is the optimal pH for pepsin to function?
    a)  Highly acidic (pH 1-2)
    b)  Slightly acidic (pH 5-6)
    c)  Neutral (pH 7)
    d)  Slightly alkaline (pH 7-8)

Small Intestine

6. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down carbohydrates?
    a) Amylase
    b) Lipase
    c) Pepsin
    d) Trypsin

7. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down fats?
    a) Amylase
    b) Lipase
    c) Pepsin
    d) Trypsin

8. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down proteins?
    a) Amylase
    b) Lipase
    c) Pepsin
    d) Trypsin

9. Where in the small intestine are most digestive enzymes produced?
    a)  Duodenum
    b)  Jejunum
    c)  Ileum
    d)  None of the above

10. What is the role of bile in fat digestion?
    a)  Breaks down fats into smaller droplets
    b)  Neutralizes the pH of food
    c)  Activates lipase
    d)  Absorbs fats

Large Intestine

11. Are there any significant digestive enzymes produced in the large intestine?
    a)  Yes, several enzymes are produced
    b)  No, the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes

12. What is the main function of the large intestine?
    a)  Breakdown of carbohydrates
    b)  Breakdown of fats
    c)  Breakdown of proteins
    d)  Absorption of water and electrolytes

Answers

1. b) Amylase - Salivary amylase begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.

2. c) Neutral (pH 7) - Salivary amylase works best in a neutral pH environment.

3. c) Pepsin - Pepsin, produced in the stomach, breaks down proteins.

4. b) Activates pepsin - Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is crucial for activating pepsin, the main protein-digesting enzyme in the stomach.

5. a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2) - Pepsin functions optimally in the highly acidic environment of the stomach.
More questions @sagaleesabaa
6. a) Amylase - Pancreatic amylase continues the breakdown of carbohydrates that started in the mouth.

7. b) Lipase - Pancreatic lipase is the primary enzyme responsible for breaking down fats in the small intestine.

8. d) Trypsin - Pancreatic trypsin is a key protein-digesting enzyme that works in the small intestine.

9. a) Duodenum - The duodenum, the first part of the small intestine, is where most digestive enzymes from the pancreas are released.

10. a) Breaks down fats into smaller droplets - Bile, produced in the liver, emulsifies fats, breaking them into smaller droplets, increasing their surface area for lipase to work on.

11. b) No, the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes - The large intestine doesn't produce significant digestive enzymes.

12. d) Absorption of water and electrolytes - The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes, forming solid waste.
Please react now if you liked.👍
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
Maths multiple-choice questions about geometry


Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the sum of the interior angles of a pentagon?
  •  a) 360°
  •  b) 540°
  •  c) 720°
  •  d) 900°

2. If two angles are vertically opposite, what is their relationship?
  •  a) They are complementary.
  •  b) They are supplementary.
  •  c) They are equal.
  •  d) They are adjacent.

3. What is the area of a triangle with base 10 cm and height 6 cm?
  •  a) 16 cm²
  •  b) 30 cm²
  •  c) 60 cm²
  •  d) 120 cm²

4. What type of triangle has all three sides of equal length?
  •  a) Scalene
  •  b) Isosceles
  •  c) Equilateral
  •  d) Right-angled

5. What is the name of a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides?
  •  a) Parallelogram
  •  b) Trapezoid/Trapezium
  •  c) Rhombus
  •  d) Rectangle

6. If a circle has a diameter of 14 cm, what is its radius?
  •  a) 7 cm
  •  b) 28 cm
  •  c) 44 cm
  •  d) 196 cm

7. What is the area of a square with side length 8 cm?
  •  a) 16 cm²
  •  b) 32 cm²
  •  c) 64 cm²
  •  d) 128 cm²

8. Two angles are said to be complementary if their sum is:
  •  a) 90°
  •  b) 180°
  •  c) 270°
  •  d) 360°

9. What is the name of a polygon with three sides?
  •  a) Quadrilateral
  •  b) Pentagon
  •  c) Triangle
  •  d) Hexagon

10. The Pythagorean theorem applies to which type of triangle?
  •  a) Acute
  •  b) Obtuse
  •  c) Right-angled
  •  d) Equilateral

11. What is the circumference of a circle with a radius of 5 cm (use π ≈ 3.14)?
  •  a) 15.7 cm
  •  b) 31.4 cm
  •  c) 78.5 cm
  •  d) 157 cm

12. What is the area of a parallelogram with base 12 cm and height 5 cm?
  •  a) 17 cm²
  •  b) 30 cm²
  •  c) 60 cm²
  •  d) 120 cm²

13. In an isosceles triangle, how many sides are equal in length?
  •  a) 0
  •  b) 1
  •  c) 2
  •  d) 3

14. What is the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon?
  •  a) 90°
  •  b) 180°
  •  c) 270°
  •  d) 360°

15. A regular hexagon has sides of equal length and angles of equal measure. What is the measure of each interior angle?
  •  a) 60°
  •  b) 90°
  •  c) 120°
  •  d) 150°

Answers (Hidden - Scroll to reveal):

1. b
2. c
3. b
4. c
5. b
More questions
join we channel
@SAGALEESABAA
6. a
7. c
8. a
9. c
10. c
11. b
12. c
13. c
14. d
15. c

Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
Biology common Terms for Grade 12 Entrance Examinations

1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.

2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.

3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.

4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.

5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.

6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).

7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.
@SAGALEESABAA
10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.

12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.

13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.

14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
@SAGALEESABAA
15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.

16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.

18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.

19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.
More questions @SAGALEESABAA
21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.

22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.

24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).
More questions @SAGALEESABAA
25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell.

26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.

27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.

28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.

29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.

30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
Answer Key:

1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. a 9. d 10. b 11. b 12. a 13. a 14. a 15. b 16. a 17. d 18. a 19. a 20. a
📚 Multiple Choice Geography Questions

1. Which of the following is an example of an internal force?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

2. Which of the following is an example of an external force?
(a) Earthquakes
(b) Volcanic eruptions
(c) Glaciers
(d) Rivers

3. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of mountains?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

4. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of valleys?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

5. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sand dunes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

6. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of coral reefs?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

7. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sinkholes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

8. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of waterfalls?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

9. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of glaciers?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

10. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of volcanoes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

11. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of earthquakes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

12. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of canyons?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

13. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of deltas?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

14. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of fjords?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

15. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of atolls?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

16. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sea caves?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

17. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of stalactites and stalagmites?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

18. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sandbars?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

19. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of mesas and buttes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting

20. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of arches and natural bridges?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
Answers
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
​Qormaata Naannoo Kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa Guyyaa Barnootaa 46 Qofa Hufuu Beektuu Laata?

BBO- Ebla 10/2017 Qormaatni Naannoo kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa barattoota Naannoo Oromiyaa bara barnootaa 2017 akka sagantaa Biiroo Barnootaa Oromiyaatti Waxabajjii 16- 20/2017 jiddutti kan kennamu ta'uu kalaandariin barnootaa agarsiiseera.

Qormaata Naannoo kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa guyyoota barnootaa 46 kan hafe yoo ta'u, guyyoota Sanbataafi Dilbataa (tutooriyaaliifi qo'achuu barattootaa) dabalatee guyyoota 65 qofa kan hafan ta'uun hubatameera.

Kanaafuu barsiisotni barattootnifi maatiin barattootaa guyyoota hafan kanneen keessatti tutooriyaaliin kennitan, kan qo'attaniifi deeggarsi maatiin kennu qabxii barattootaa fooyyessuu keessatti gahee olaanaa waan qabuuf jijjiiramaaf waliin dhaabbachuu qabna kan jedhu dhaamsa BBO ti.

Dabalataanis Qormaatni Biyyoolessaa kutaa 12ffaa bara 2017 ji'a Waxabajjii keessa waan kennamuuf gamanumaa qophii akka xumuran ni beeksifna.

Walumaa galatti, manneen barnootaa deeggarsa barattootaaf taasisaa jirtan cimee akka itti fufu, barsiisotni gosa barnoota barsiisaniin '#portion' #dursanii_akka_xumuraniifi_waraqaalee_qormaataa_waggoota_darbanii_akka_shaakalsiisan wal yaadachiisuun qabxii ijoollee keenyaaf ni fayyada.

#_Qabxii_qormaataa_barattoota_keenyaaf_deeggarsi_barsiisotaafi_maatii_hundaa_ol_murteessaadha!

Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
🏖Biology common Terms for Grade 12 Entrance Examinations

1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.

2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.

3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.

4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.

5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.

6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).

7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.

10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
More questions @SAGALEESABAA

11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.

12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.

13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.

14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
More @SAGALEESABAA
15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.

16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.

18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.

19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.

21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.

22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.

24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).

25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell. More @SAGALEESABAA

26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.

27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.

28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.

29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.

30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
ENGLISH SHORT SPOKEN EXPRESSIONS
✏️ WHATS UP: a short casual way to ask how someone is (Afaan Oromootiin "Maaltu haarawa" akka jechuuti)
✏️NO WORRIES: Means "It's okay" or "Don't worry about it. (Humaa hin yaadin)
✏️I'M ON IT: Means " I will do it now." (Ammaan godha)
✏️LONG TIME NO SEE: Used when we meet someone after a long time. (Ergaan si hin argin ture)
✏️SOUNDS GOOD!: Means that is good idea. (Yaada gaari)
✏️I'M ALL EARS: Means "I'm listening carefully". (Si faanaan jira/ Si caqasaatiion jira)
✏️TAKE IT EASY: Means "Relax" or "Don't stress" (Hin yaaddawin/ Kun si hin yaachisin).
✏️LET ME KNOW: Means "Tell me later when you decide" (Booda na beeksisi)
✏️MY BAD!: Means "It is my mistake" (Badiin tiyya)
✏️NO WAY: Means "I can't believe it!" (Gonkumaa hin fudhu)
✏️FANCY A CUPPA: Means "Do you want a cup of tea?" (Shaayii dhugdaa?)
✏️GIVE IT A GO: Means "Try it" (Itti yaali)
✏️BOB'S YOUR UNCLE: Means "That's it" or "Simple as that" (Kunoo sanuma)
✏️OFF YOU GO: Means "You kan leave now" (Deemu dandeessa)
✏️YOU ALRIGHT?: Means "How are you?" (Fayyaa keetii?)
✏️ STOP FAFING AROUND: Means "Stop wasting time" (Yeroo hin gubin).
KEEP YOUR CHIN UP: Means "Stay positive"

Dear followers, share it so that as many students as possible be benefited of it.
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
Please barattoota keenya Chaanaaliin kun rakkoo keessa jira.

Share Woliif gochuun nu gargaaraa.
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
⚠️ KANA BEEKTUU LAATA?

Akkam jirtu barattootaa?
Barnoonni nuti isiniif dhiheessaa jirru maal fakkaata?

Oduu gaddaa qabannee dhihaanneen Chaanaaliin keenya barnoota isiniif dabarsaa jiru akka adda kunnuuf nu dirqisiisaa jira.

Sababni isaa Chaanaaliin keenya hanqinoota garaa garaan warning ta'ee jira.

Kanaaf akka nuti itti fufnu namoonni barbaadda yoo jiraattan post keenya namoota mobile keessan irra jiraniif share godhaa.

Barnoota keenya itti fufsiisuun dirqama Lammummaa bahaa.

Namoonni chaanaalii fi garee qabdan akkasumas Namoonni hirriyoota telegram keessan irra qabdan akka nuuf affeeruun hojii keenya galmaan gahaa.

Lammiin Lammiif wolmalee homaan qabnu. ''Sa'a abbaan gaafa cabse ormi ija jaamsa'' jedha oromoon yoo nuti walhin barsiifne eenyutu nu barsiisa?

Share gochuun warning nurraa kaasaa! @SAGALEESABAA
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
📌 20 chemistry  multiple-choice questions with their answers:

1. What is the atomic number of carbon?

A) 6

B) 12

C) 14

D) 8
Answer: A) 6

2. Which of the following is a noble gas?

A) Oxygen

B) Nitrogen

C) Argon

D) Hydrogen
Answer: C) Argon

3. What is the chemical formula for water?

A) H2O2

B) H2O

C) O2H

D) H2O3
Answer: B) H2O

4. Which of the following represents a chemical change?

A) Melting ice

B) Dissolving sugar in water

C) Rusting iron

D) Boiling water
Answer: C) Rusting iron

5. What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?

A) Ionic bond

B) Covalent bond

C) Metallic bond

D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: B) Covalent bond

6. What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

A) 0

B) 7

C) 14

D) 1
Answer: B) 7

7. Which of the following is an exothermic reaction?

A) Photosynthesis

B) Combustion

C) Melting ice

D) Dissolving salt in water
Answer: B) Combustion

8. What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?

A) 16 g/mol

B) 18 g/mol

C) 20 g/mol

D) 14 g/mol
Answer: B) 18 g/mol

9. Which of the following elements is most electronegative?

A) Fluorine

B) Oxygen

C) Nitrogen

D) Chlorine
Answer: A) Fluorine

10. What is the main component of natural gas?

A) Propane

B) Ethanol

C) Methane

D) Butane
Answer: C) Methane
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
🎯Geography irratti Gaafilee waa'ee knowledge/Concept qabxiilee asii gadii kunneen dhufee?? Dhufe yoo tahe ati deebistee jirtaa??? Yoo hin deebisne tahe Maalif deebisuu dhabee dhiisii ammuma sirritti qabdhu!!

1. Geography: The study of Earth's surface, its physical features, and human activity.
2. Location: The position of something on Earth's surface.
3. Absolute Location: Exact location using coordinates (latitude, longitude).
4. Relative Location: Location in relation to other places.
5. Place: A specific point on Earth with unique human and physical characteristics.
6. Region: An area with unifying characteristics.
7. Formal Region: An area defined by a common characteristic.
8. Functional Region: An area defined by a common activity or interaction.
9. Perceptual Region: An area defined by subjective perceptions.
10. Scale: The relationship between distances on a map and distances on the ground.
11. Map: A representation of Earth's surface or part of it.
12. Map Projection: A way to represent the curved surface of the Earth on a flat map.
13. Latitude: Lines running east-west that measure distance north and south of the equator.
14. Longitude: Lines running north-south that measure distance east and west of the prime meridian.
15. Equator: 0° latitude, dividing Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
More @SAGALEESABAA
16. Prime Meridian: 0° longitude, dividing Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
17. Hemisphere: Half of the Earth (Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western).
18. Grid System: A network of lines (latitude and longitude) used for locating places.
19. Spatial: Relating to space.
20. Distribution: The arrangement of features on Earth's surface.
21. Pattern: The spatial arrangement of features.
22. Density: The number of features per unit area.
23. Dispersion: The pattern of spacing among individuals within a population.
24. Flow: Movement of people, goods, or information.
25. Distance Decay: The diminishing interaction between places as distance increases.
26. Diffusion: The spread of ideas, innovation, or disease.
27. Relocation Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation through physical movement.
28. Expansion Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation from a central source outward.
29. Globalization: Increasing interconnectedness of the world through economic, political, and cultural exchange.
30. Accessibility: The ease of reaching a place.
More @SAGALEESABAA
31. Landform: A natural feature of the Earth's surface.
32. Mountain: A large landform that rises prominently above its surroundings.
33. Hill: A raised landform, smaller than a mountain.
34. Plateau: A flat, elevated landform.
35. Plain: A flat, low-lying landform.
36. Valley: A low area between hills or mountains.
37. Canyon: A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
38. Glacier: A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
39. River: A large natural stream of water flowing in a channel.
40. Lake: A large body of water surrounded by land.
41. Ocean: A large body of saltwater.
42. Coastline: The boundary between land and ocean or lake.
43. Erosion: The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces.
44. Weathering: The breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces.
45. Deposition: The process by which sediments are laid down.
46. Tectonic Plate: A large piece of Earth's lithosphere that moves.
47. Plate Boundary: The boundary between tectonic plates.
48. Earthquake: A sudden shaking of the Earth's crust due to movement of tectonic plates.
49. Volcano: A vent in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases erupt.
50. Climate: The long-term average weather pattern in a region.
51. Weather: The short-term atmosphere pattern
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
Barataan foormulaalee kanneen sirritti hubate qorumsa biyyoolessaarratti yoo xiqqaate gaafilee 50 ni hojjata. Ati hubattee??

Dura guututti Hin Hubanne Yoo Tahe;- Yeroo Gahaa Qabdaatii Ammumarraa eegali!!

Foormulaa Maths Barataan kutaa 12ffaa tokko Beekuu Qabu.....

👉Arithmetic

1. Basic Operations:

• Addition: a + b

• Subtraction: a - b

• Multiplication: a × b or ab

• Division: a/b

2. Percentage:

Percentage = Part / Whol} × 100

👉Algebra

1. Quadratic Formula:

x = -b ± √(b² - 4ac) / 2a

for ax² + bx + c = 0 .

2. Factoring Formulas:

• Difference of Squares: a² - b² = (a - b)(a + b)

• Perfect Square Trinomial: a² + 2ab + b² = (a + b)²

3. Exponents:

• aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ

• aᵐ/aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ

• (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ

4. Logarithms:

• Change of Base: logᵦ a = (logₖ a)/(logₖ b)

• logᵦ (xy) = logᵦ x + logᵦ y

• logᵦ ((x/y)) = logᵦ x - logᵦ y

👉Geometry

1. Area Formulas:

• Rectangle: A = l × w

• Triangle: A = ½ b h

• Circle: A = π r²

2. Perimeter Formulas:

• Rectangle: P = 2(l + w)

• Triangle: P = a + b + c

• Circle (Circumference): C = 2π r

3. Volume Formulas:

• Cube: V = s³

• Rectangular Prism: V = lwh

• Cylinder: V = π r² h

• Sphere: V = 4/3 π r³

4. Pythagorean Theorem:

a² + b² = c²

for a right triangle.

👉Trigonometry

1. Basic Trigonometric Ratios:

• Sine: sin(θ) = Opposite/Hypotenuse

• Cosine: cos(θ) = Adjacent/Hypotenuse

• Tangent: tan(θ) = Opposite/Adjacent

2. Pythagorean Identity:

sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1

3. Angle Sum and Difference Formulas:

• Sine:

• sin(a + b) = sin a cos b + cos a sin b

• sin(a - b) = sin a cos b - cos a sin b

• Cosine:

• cos(a + b) = cos a cos b - sin a sin b

• cos(a - b) = cos a cos b + sin a sin b

👉Calculus

1. Derivatives:

• Power Rule: f'(x) = nxⁿ⁻¹

• Sum Rule: (f + g)' = f' + g'

• Product Rule: (fg)' = f'g + fg'

• Quotient Rule: ((f/g))' = (f'g - fg')/g²

2. Integrals:

• Indefinite Integral:

∫xⁿ dx = xⁿ⁺¹ / n+1 + C, n ≠ -1

• Definite Integral:

A = ∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx
More @SAGALEESABAA
👉Statistics

1. Mean (Average):

Mean = ∑ xᵢ / n

2. Median:

• Middle value when data is ordered.

3. Mode:
• Most frequently occurring value.

4. Standard Deviation:
For population:

σ = √((∑ (xᵢ - μ)²)N)/(``)
For sample:


Good luck with your preparation time!📚

❤Unleash your super  potential❤

“Your hard work today shapes your success tomorrow.”
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
QuestionsPlant Biology: Photosynthesis, plant structure and function, reproduction in plants
1. What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plants?
   a) Absorb water 
   b) Absorb sunlight 
   c) Absorb nutrients 
   d) Absorb carbon dioxide 

2. In which part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily occur?
   a) Roots 
   b) Stems 
   c) Leaves 
   d) Flowers 

3. What are the products of photosynthesis?
   a) Oxygen and glucose 
   b) Carbon dioxide and water 
   c) Glucose and nitrogen 
   d) Oxygen and nitrogen 

4. Which gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?
   a) Oxygen 
   b) Nitrogen 
   c) Carbon dioxide 
   d) Hydrogen 

5. What is the main purpose of the stomata in leaves?
   a) To absorb sunlight 
   b) To transport nutrients 
   c) To exchange gases 
   d) To store water 

6. Which part of the plant is responsible for water and nutrient absorption?
   a) Leaves 
   b) Stems 
   c) Roots 
   d) Flowers 

7. What type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes in plants?
   a) Asexual reproduction 
   b) Vegetative propagation 
   c) Sexual reproduction 
   d) Budding 

8. In flowering plants, what is the male reproductive part called?
   a) Pistil 
   b) Stamen 
   c) Ovule 
   d) Petal 

9. What is the role of xylem in plants?
   a) Transport food 
   b) Transport water and minerals 
   c) Photosynthesis 
   d) Reproduction 

10. Which process involves the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma?
    a) Fertilization 
    b) Pollination 
    c) Germination 
    d) Photosynthesis 
More @SAGALEESABAA
11. What is the main function of phloem in plants?
    a) Transport water 
    b) Transport food (sugars) 
    c) Provide structural support 
    d) Store energy 

12. Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of plants?
    a) Carotenoids 
    b) Chlorophyll 
    c) Anthocyanins 
    d) Xanthophylls 

13. What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through small openings in their leaves called?
    a) Transpiration 
    b) Evaporation 
    c) Respiration 
    d) Condensation 

14. In what form do plants store excess glucose?
    a) Starch 
    b) Cellulose 
    c) Sucrose 
    d) Fructose 

15. What type of plant reproduction occurs without the formation of seeds?
    a) Sexual reproduction 
    b) Asexual reproduction 
    c) Cross-pollination 
    d) Self-pollination 

Answers

1. b) Absorb sunlight

2. c) Leaves

3. a) Oxygen and glucose

4. c) Carbon dioxide

5. c) To exchange gases

6. c) Roots

7. c) Sexual reproduction

8. b) Stamen

9. b) Transport water and minerals

10. b) Pollination

11. b) Transport food (sugars)

12. b) Chlorophyll

13. a) Transpiration

14. a) Starch

15. b) Asexual reproduction
Idea for grade 12 students

Grade 12 students, the matric exam is just around the corner!
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA

Рэкорды

22.04.202523:59
9.9KПадпісчыкаў
31.03.202523:59
4100Індэкс цытавання
17.04.202516:42
550Ахоп 1 паста
17.04.202516:42
550Ахоп рэкламнага паста
15.01.202511:51
550.00%ER
17.04.202515:31
5.62%ERR

Развіццё

Падпісчыкаў
Індэкс цытавання
Ахоп 1 паста
Ахоп рэкламнага паста
ER
ERR
NOV '24DEC '24JAN '25FEB '25MAR '25APR '25

Папулярныя публікацыі QOPHII QORMAATA KUTAA 12FFAA (BARNOOTA)

07.04.202519:27
Biology Questions on photosynthesis

1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Production of glucose
b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
c) Absorption of carbon dioxide
d) Release of oxygen

2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nucleus

3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Glucose
d) ATP

4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
a) Production of NADPH
b) Absorption of light energy
c) Splitting water molecules
d) Release of oxygen

5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+
b) ATP
c) Glucose
d) Carbon dioxide

6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
a) Oxygen
b) Glucose
c) ATP
d) NADPH

7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
a) Thylakoid membrane
b) Stroma
c) Grana
d) Cytoplasm

8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
a) Capture of light energy
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
c) Production of ATP
d) Release of oxygen

9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 6

10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP
b) Converted into glucose
c) Transferred to the light-dependent reactions
d) Released as waste products

11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP
b) NADPH
c) Water
d) Carbon dioxide

12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
a) Splitting water molecules
b) Regeneration of RuBP
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
d) Production of glucose

13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
a) They are released as waste products
b) They are used to produce ATP
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
d) They are converted into oxygen

14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
b) G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
c) NADP+
d) ATP

15. What is the overall purpose of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) To produce oxygen for cellular respiration
b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
c) To release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
d) To produce water as a byproduct
Answers @SAGALEESABAA
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
07.04.202519:27
               ✅Answer

1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Generation of ATP and NADPH

2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
b) Thylakoid membrane

3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water

4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
c) Splitting water molecules

5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+

6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
b) Glucose

7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
b) Stroma

8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide

9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1

10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP

11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP

12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide

13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules

14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
02.04.202521:29
📚 Chemistry EUEE Questions

1. The first atomic theory was proposed by:
  (A) Niels Bohr
  (B) Ernest Rutherford
  (C) John Dalton
  (D) J.J. Thomson

2. Dalton's atomic theory stated that all atoms of a given element are:
  (A) Different in size
  (B) Different in mass
  (C) Identical in mass and properties
  (D) Composed of smaller particles

3. Who discovered the electron?
  (A) Ernest Rutherford
  (B) James Chadwick
  (C) J.J. Thomson
  (D) Max Planck

4. Thomson's atomic model is known as the:
  (A) Nuclear model
  (B) Planetary model
  (C) Plum pudding model
  (D) Quantum mechanical model

5. Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the discovery of the:
  (A) Electron
  (B) Neutron
  (C) Nucleus
  (D) Proton

6. Rutherford's atomic model proposed that the atom is mostly:
  (A) Solid
  (B) Liquid
  (C) Empty space
  (D) Filled with electrons

7. Which particle is NOT found in the nucleus of an atom?
  (A) Proton
  (B) Neutron
  (C) Electron
  (D) Nucleon

8. The atomic number of an element represents the number of:
  (A) Neutrons in the nucleus
  (B) Protons in the nucleus
  (C) Electrons in the outermost shell
  (D) Total number of particles in the nucleus

9. Isotopes of an element have the same number of:
  (A) Neutrons
  (B) Protons
  (C) Mass number
  (D) Both protons and neutrons

10. Who proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells?
  (A) Ernest Rutherford
  (B) J.J. Thomson
  (C) Niels Bohr
  (D) Max Planck
Answers @SAGALEESABAA
11. Bohr's atomic model successfully explained the:
  (A) Spectra of all elements
  (B) Spectra of hydrogen
  (C) Existence of isotopes
  (D) Wave nature of electrons

12. In Bohr's model, electrons can move to a higher energy level by:
  (A) Emitting energy
  (B) Absorbing energy
  (C) Colliding with other electrons
  (D) Moving closer to the nucleus

13. The quantum mechanical model of the atom treats electrons as:
  (A) Particles only
  (B) Waves only
  (C) Both particles and waves
  (D) Neither particles nor waves

14. Which principle states that it is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of an electron simultaneously?
  (A) Pauli Exclusion Principle
  (B) Hund's Rule
  (C) Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
  (D) Aufbau Principle

15. Atomic orbitals are regions of space where there is a high probability of finding:
  (A) Protons
  (B) Neutrons
  (C) Electrons
  (D) The nucleus

16. Which quantum number describes the shape of an atomic orbital?
  (A) Principal quantum number (n)
  (B) Azimuthal quantum number (l)
  (C) Magnetic quantum number (ml)
  (D) Spin quantum number (ms)

17. The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a p subshell is:
  (A) 2
  (B) 4
  (C) 6
  (D) 10

18. Which rule states that electrons will individually occupy each orbital within a subshell before doubling up in any one orbital?
  (A) Pauli Exclusion Principle
  (B) Hund's Rule
  (C) Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
  (D) Aufbau Principle

19. According to the Aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals in order of:
  (A) Increasing energy
  (B) Decreasing energy
  (C) Increasing atomic number
  (D) Decreasing atomic number

20. What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle state?
  (A) Electrons must fill the lowest energy levels first
  (B) No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers
  (C) Electrons must occupy each orbital within a subshell individually before pairing up
  (D) It is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of an electron simultaneously

Answers: @SAGALEESABAA

1. C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B

Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
15.04.202513:30
📌 20 chemistry  multiple-choice questions with their answers:

1. What is the atomic number of carbon?

A) 6

B) 12

C) 14

D) 8
Answer: A) 6

2. Which of the following is a noble gas?

A) Oxygen

B) Nitrogen

C) Argon

D) Hydrogen
Answer: C) Argon

3. What is the chemical formula for water?

A) H2O2

B) H2O

C) O2H

D) H2O3
Answer: B) H2O

4. Which of the following represents a chemical change?

A) Melting ice

B) Dissolving sugar in water

C) Rusting iron

D) Boiling water
Answer: C) Rusting iron

5. What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?

A) Ionic bond

B) Covalent bond

C) Metallic bond

D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: B) Covalent bond

6. What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

A) 0

B) 7

C) 14

D) 1
Answer: B) 7

7. Which of the following is an exothermic reaction?

A) Photosynthesis

B) Combustion

C) Melting ice

D) Dissolving salt in water
Answer: B) Combustion

8. What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?

A) 16 g/mol

B) 18 g/mol

C) 20 g/mol

D) 14 g/mol
Answer: B) 18 g/mol

9. Which of the following elements is most electronegative?

A) Fluorine

B) Oxygen

C) Nitrogen

D) Chlorine
Answer: A) Fluorine

10. What is the main component of natural gas?

A) Propane

B) Ethanol

C) Methane

D) Butane
Answer: C) Methane
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
07.04.202519:36
Biology Questions on photosynthesis

1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Production of glucose
b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
c) Absorption of carbon dioxide
d) Release of oxygen

2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nucleus

3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Glucose
d) ATP

4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
a) Production of NADPH
b) Absorption of light energy
c) Splitting water molecules
d) Release of oxygen

5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+
b) ATP
c) Glucose
d) Carbon dioxide

6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
a) Oxygen
b) Glucose
c) ATP
d) NADPH

7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
a) Thylakoid membrane
b) Stroma
c) Grana
d) Cytoplasm

8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
a) Capture of light energy
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
c) Production of ATP
d) Release of oxygen

9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 6

10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP
b) Converted into glucose
c) Transferred to the light-dependent reactions
d) Released as waste products

11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP
b) NADPH
c) Water
d) Carbon dioxide

12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
a) Splitting water molecules
b) Regeneration of RuBP
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
d) Production of glucose

13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
a) They are released as waste products
b) They are used to produce ATP
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
d) They are converted into oxygen

14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
b) G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
c) NADP+
d) ATP

15. What is the overall purpose of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) To produce oxygen for cellular respiration
b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
c) To release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
d) To produce water as a byproduct
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
15.04.202514:17
⚠️ KANA BEEKTUU LAATA?

Akkam jirtu barattootaa?
Barnoonni nuti isiniif dhiheessaa jirru maal fakkaata?

Oduu gaddaa qabannee dhihaanneen Chaanaaliin keenya barnoota isiniif dabarsaa jiru akka adda kunnuuf nu dirqisiisaa jira.

Sababni isaa Chaanaaliin keenya hanqinoota garaa garaan warning ta'ee jira.

Kanaaf akka nuti itti fufnu namoonni barbaadda yoo jiraattan post keenya namoota mobile keessan irra jiraniif share godhaa.

Barnoota keenya itti fufsiisuun dirqama Lammummaa bahaa.

Namoonni chaanaalii fi garee qabdan akkasumas Namoonni hirriyoota telegram keessan irra qabdan akka nuuf affeeruun hojii keenya galmaan gahaa.

Lammiin Lammiif wolmalee homaan qabnu. ''Sa'a abbaan gaafa cabse ormi ija jaamsa'' jedha oromoon yoo nuti walhin barsiifne eenyutu nu barsiisa?

Share gochuun warning nurraa kaasaa! @SAGALEESABAA
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
07.04.202519:22
📚Chemistry common questions about Periodic Table Trends

Instructions: Choose the single best answer for each question.

1.  Which of the following properties generally INCREASES from left to right across a period in the periodic table?
     a) Atomic radius
     b) Ionization energy
     c) Metallic character
     d) Number of electron shells
    
Answer: b) Ionization energy

2.  Which element has the highest electronegativity?
     a)  Fluorine (F)
     b)  Chlorine (Cl)
     c)  Francium (Fr)
     d)  Oxygen (O)


     Answer: a) Fluorine (F)

3.  As you move down a group in the periodic table, atomic radius generally:
     a)  Increases
     b)  Decreases
     c)  Remains constant
     d)  Shows no consistent trend


     Answer: a) Increases

4.  Which of these elements would be expected to have the largest ionic radius?
     a)  Li⁺ 
     b)  Na⁺ 
     c)  K⁺ 
     d)  Rb⁺
  

  Answer: d) Rb⁺

5.  Which of the following elements has the lowest first ionization energy?
     a)  Helium (He)
     b)  Sodium (Na)
     c)  Neon (Ne)
     d)  Argon (Ar)
  

  Answer: b) Sodium (Na)

6.  Electron affinity is best defined as the:
     a)  Energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
     b)  Tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
     c)  Energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to a neutral atom.
     d)  Energy difference between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied energy levels.
  
  Answer: c) Energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to a neutral atom.

7.  Which of these elements exhibits the most metallic character?
     a)  Carbon (C)
     b)  Silicon (Si)
     c)  Germanium (Ge)
     d)  Tin (Sn)
    

Answer: d) Tin (Sn)

8.  Which of the following is a TRUE statement about electronegativity?
     a)  It is the same as electron affinity.
     b)  It only applies to ionic bonds.
     c)  It is a measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond.
     d)  It increases down a group in the periodic table.
    

Answer: c) It is a measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond.

9.  Elements in the same group (vertical column) of the periodic table share similar chemical properties. This is primarily because they have the same:
     a) Number of protons
     b)  Atomic mass
     c)  Number of valence electrons
     d)  Number of neutrons
    

Answer: c)  Number of valence electrons

10.  Which of the following correctly explains the general trend of ionization energy in the periodic table?
      a)  Increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.
      b)  Decreases down a group due to increasing shielding effect.
      c)  Both a and b
      d)  Neither a nor b
     

Answer: c)  Both a and b

11.  Elements with high electronegativity tend to form:
      a)  Positive ions (cations)
      b)  Negative ions (anions)
      c)  Metallic bonds
      d)  No ions at all
     

Answer: b)  Negative ions (anions)

12.  Which of the following statements about atomic radius is FALSE?
      a)  Cations are smaller than their parent atoms.
      b)  Anions are larger than their parent atoms.
      c)  Atomic radius increases as you move to the right across a period.
      d)  Atomic radius is influenced by the number of electron shells.
     

Answer: c)  Atomic radius increases as you move to the right across a period.

13.  Which periodic trend is responsible for the increasing reactivity of alkali metals (Group 1) as you move down the group?
      a)  Decreasing ionization energy
      b)  Increasing electronegativity
      c)  Increasing electron affinity
      d)  Decreasing atomic radius
     

Answer: a)  Decreasing ionization energy
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
15.04.202507:36
Barataan foormulaalee kanneen sirritti hubate qorumsa biyyoolessaarratti yoo xiqqaate gaafilee 50 ni hojjata. Ati hubattee??

Dura guututti Hin Hubanne Yoo Tahe;- Yeroo Gahaa Qabdaatii Ammumarraa eegali!!

Foormulaa Maths Barataan kutaa 12ffaa tokko Beekuu Qabu.....

👉Arithmetic

1. Basic Operations:

• Addition: a + b

• Subtraction: a - b

• Multiplication: a × b or ab

• Division: a/b

2. Percentage:

Percentage = Part / Whol} × 100

👉Algebra

1. Quadratic Formula:

x = -b ± √(b² - 4ac) / 2a

for ax² + bx + c = 0 .

2. Factoring Formulas:

• Difference of Squares: a² - b² = (a - b)(a + b)

• Perfect Square Trinomial: a² + 2ab + b² = (a + b)²

3. Exponents:

• aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ

• aᵐ/aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ

• (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ

4. Logarithms:

• Change of Base: logᵦ a = (logₖ a)/(logₖ b)

• logᵦ (xy) = logᵦ x + logᵦ y

• logᵦ ((x/y)) = logᵦ x - logᵦ y

👉Geometry

1. Area Formulas:

• Rectangle: A = l × w

• Triangle: A = ½ b h

• Circle: A = π r²

2. Perimeter Formulas:

• Rectangle: P = 2(l + w)

• Triangle: P = a + b + c

• Circle (Circumference): C = 2π r

3. Volume Formulas:

• Cube: V = s³

• Rectangular Prism: V = lwh

• Cylinder: V = π r² h

• Sphere: V = 4/3 π r³

4. Pythagorean Theorem:

a² + b² = c²

for a right triangle.

👉Trigonometry

1. Basic Trigonometric Ratios:

• Sine: sin(θ) = Opposite/Hypotenuse

• Cosine: cos(θ) = Adjacent/Hypotenuse

• Tangent: tan(θ) = Opposite/Adjacent

2. Pythagorean Identity:

sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1

3. Angle Sum and Difference Formulas:

• Sine:

• sin(a + b) = sin a cos b + cos a sin b

• sin(a - b) = sin a cos b - cos a sin b

• Cosine:

• cos(a + b) = cos a cos b - sin a sin b

• cos(a - b) = cos a cos b + sin a sin b

👉Calculus

1. Derivatives:

• Power Rule: f'(x) = nxⁿ⁻¹

• Sum Rule: (f + g)' = f' + g'

• Product Rule: (fg)' = f'g + fg'

• Quotient Rule: ((f/g))' = (f'g - fg')/g²

2. Integrals:

• Indefinite Integral:

∫xⁿ dx = xⁿ⁺¹ / n+1 + C, n ≠ -1

• Definite Integral:

A = ∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx
More @SAGALEESABAA
👉Statistics

1. Mean (Average):

Mean = ∑ xᵢ / n

2. Median:

• Middle value when data is ordered.

3. Mode:
• Most frequently occurring value.

4. Standard Deviation:
For population:

σ = √((∑ (xᵢ - μ)²)N)/(``)
For sample:


Good luck with your preparation time!📚

❤Unleash your super  potential❤

“Your hard work today shapes your success tomorrow.”
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
07.04.202519:36
             ✅Answer

1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Generation of ATP and NADPH

2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
b) Thylakoid membrane

3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water

4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
c) Splitting water molecules

5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+

6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
b) Glucose

7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
b) Stroma

8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide

9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1

10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP

11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP

12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide

13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules

14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
15.04.202507:38
🎯Geography irratti Gaafilee waa'ee knowledge/Concept qabxiilee asii gadii kunneen dhufee?? Dhufe yoo tahe ati deebistee jirtaa??? Yoo hin deebisne tahe Maalif deebisuu dhabee dhiisii ammuma sirritti qabdhu!!

1. Geography: The study of Earth's surface, its physical features, and human activity.
2. Location: The position of something on Earth's surface.
3. Absolute Location: Exact location using coordinates (latitude, longitude).
4. Relative Location: Location in relation to other places.
5. Place: A specific point on Earth with unique human and physical characteristics.
6. Region: An area with unifying characteristics.
7. Formal Region: An area defined by a common characteristic.
8. Functional Region: An area defined by a common activity or interaction.
9. Perceptual Region: An area defined by subjective perceptions.
10. Scale: The relationship between distances on a map and distances on the ground.
11. Map: A representation of Earth's surface or part of it.
12. Map Projection: A way to represent the curved surface of the Earth on a flat map.
13. Latitude: Lines running east-west that measure distance north and south of the equator.
14. Longitude: Lines running north-south that measure distance east and west of the prime meridian.
15. Equator: 0° latitude, dividing Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
More @SAGALEESABAA
16. Prime Meridian: 0° longitude, dividing Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
17. Hemisphere: Half of the Earth (Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western).
18. Grid System: A network of lines (latitude and longitude) used for locating places.
19. Spatial: Relating to space.
20. Distribution: The arrangement of features on Earth's surface.
21. Pattern: The spatial arrangement of features.
22. Density: The number of features per unit area.
23. Dispersion: The pattern of spacing among individuals within a population.
24. Flow: Movement of people, goods, or information.
25. Distance Decay: The diminishing interaction between places as distance increases.
26. Diffusion: The spread of ideas, innovation, or disease.
27. Relocation Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation through physical movement.
28. Expansion Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation from a central source outward.
29. Globalization: Increasing interconnectedness of the world through economic, political, and cultural exchange.
30. Accessibility: The ease of reaching a place.
More @SAGALEESABAA
31. Landform: A natural feature of the Earth's surface.
32. Mountain: A large landform that rises prominently above its surroundings.
33. Hill: A raised landform, smaller than a mountain.
34. Plateau: A flat, elevated landform.
35. Plain: A flat, low-lying landform.
36. Valley: A low area between hills or mountains.
37. Canyon: A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
38. Glacier: A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
39. River: A large natural stream of water flowing in a channel.
40. Lake: A large body of water surrounded by land.
41. Ocean: A large body of saltwater.
42. Coastline: The boundary between land and ocean or lake.
43. Erosion: The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces.
44. Weathering: The breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces.
45. Deposition: The process by which sediments are laid down.
46. Tectonic Plate: A large piece of Earth's lithosphere that moves.
47. Plate Boundary: The boundary between tectonic plates.
48. Earthquake: A sudden shaking of the Earth's crust due to movement of tectonic plates.
49. Volcano: A vent in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases erupt.
50. Climate: The long-term average weather pattern in a region.
51. Weather: The short-term atmosphere pattern
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
07.04.202520:09
Chaanaalli kun ijoollee keenya barnoota dabalataa barachuu barbaadanii fi sababa rakkoo garaaagaraan barnoota isaanii haalan barachuu hin dandeenyeefi miidhaa garaagaraatiin fiixaan bahiinsa dhabaniif gargaarsa ta'a jedhame kan banameedha. 

Bara 2016 Barattoonni keenya qormaata biyyoolessaa baay'inaan darbuu dhabuun gadda guddaa nutti fidee jira.

Bara Kana immoo karoora addaa Qabannee jirra. Kan rakkate gargaaruudhaaf humna qabnuun, yeroo qabnuun, dandeetti qabnuun, gargaaruun yoom illee of hin qusannu.

Yaada keessan naaf kennaa asirratti 👉 @SAGALEESABAADM

https://t.me/GAREE_SAGALEE_SABAA
20.04.202518:14
Answers:

1. d 2. b 3. d 4. b
5. b 6. a 7. a 8. a
9. a 10. c 11. c 12. a
13. a 14. d 15. d 16. d
17. d 18. a 19. b 20. b

Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
18.04.202502:35
🏖Biology common Terms for Grade 12 Entrance Examinations

1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.

2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.

3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.

4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.

5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.

6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).

7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.

10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
More questions @SAGALEESABAA

11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.

12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.

13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.

14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
More @SAGALEESABAA
15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.

16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.

18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.

19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.

21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.

22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.

24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).

25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell. More @SAGALEESABAA

26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.

27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.

28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.

29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.

30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
24.03.202517:44
## What is Behaviour ???

Behaviour refers to the actions or reactions of an organism, typically in relation to its environment. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including responses to external stimuli, social interactions, and voluntary actions. In psychology, behaviour can be influenced by a variety of factors, including genetics, environment, culture, and individual experiences.

TYPES OF BEHAVIOR

#. Innate vs Learned Behaviour

- Innate Behaviour:
- Definition: Innate behaviours are those that are instinctual and do not require learning or experience to be performed. They are genetically programmed and are usually present from birth.
- Examples: Reflex actions like a baby’s grasping reflex, migration patterns in birds, and social behaviour in certain animal species (e.g., courtship displays) are all examples of innate behaviours.

- Learned Behaviour:
- Definition: Learned behaviours are acquired through experience and interaction with the environment. These behaviours can change over time as a result of new learning or experiences.
- Examples: Skills such as riding a bicycle, speaking a language, and social etiquette are learned behaviours. Animals also exhibit learned behaviours, such as a dog responding to commands or a child learning to tie their shoes.

Understanding the distinction between innate and learned behaviour is crucial in the fields of psychology, biology, and education, as it helps explain how organisms adapt and respond to their environments over time.

1. INNATE BEHAVIOR
Innate behavior can be classified into several types, including:
1. Reflexes – Simple, automatic responses to stimuli (e.g., blinking when something approaches the eye).
2. Kinesis – Random movement in response to a stimulus, where speed changes but not direction (e.g., woodlice moving more in dry conditions to find moisture).
3. Taxis – Directed movement toward or away from a stimulus (e.g., moths flying toward a light source - positive phototaxis).
4. Fixed Action Patterns (FAPs) – Stereotyped, automatic sequences of behavior triggered by a specific stimulus (e.g., a goose rolling an egg back into its nest).
5. Imprinting – A combination of innate and learned behavior, where an animal forms a strong attachment during a critical period (e.g., ducklings following their mother).
These behaviors are genetically programmed and do not require prior experience or learning.

2. LEARNED BEHAVIOUR
Learned behaviors are those acquired through experience and interaction with the environment. Here are the main types:
1. Habituation

• This occurs when an animal decreases or stops responding to a repeated, harmless stimulus.
• Example: Birds may stop flying away from a scarecrow after realizing it is not a threat.
2. Classical Conditioning
• Learning by association, where an animal links a neutral stimulus to a significant one.
• Example: Pavlov’s dogs learned to associate the sound of a bell with food, causing them to salivate when they heard it.
3. Operant Conditioning (Trial-and-Error Learning)
• Learning through rewards and punishments for specific actions.
• Example: A rat learns to press a lever to receive food or avoid an electric shock.
4. Observational Learning (Imitation)
• Learning by watching and copying others' behaviors.
• Example: A young chimpanzee learns to crack nuts by watching an older chimp.
@SAGALEE_SABAA
5. Insight Learning
• Problem-solving using reasoning rather than trial and error.
• Example: A chimp stacks boxes to reach a banana without prior trial and error.
6. Imprinting
• A combination of innate and learned behavior, where an animal forms an attachment during a critical period.
• Example: Ducklings follow the first moving object they see after hatching, usually their mother.
Each of these learned behaviors helps animals adapt to their environment and improve survival. Let me know if you want more details!
7. Sensitization
• The opposite of habituation, where an animal increases its response to a repeated stimulus, especially if it is strong or harmful.

@SAGALEE_SABAA
12.04.202506:36
#National_ID
#Digital_ID

Barattoonni kaadhimamtoonni eebbifamtoonni dhaabbilee barnoota olaanoo dhuunfaa National ID Fayda baafachuu qabu.

National ID kun dhaabbileen barnoota olaanoo dhuunfaa odeeffannoo barattoota isaanii fi hojjettoota isaanii bifa qindaa'een akka qabataniif ni gargaara akkasumas qormaata sadarkaa biyyaalessaatti kennaman irratti faayidaa qaba jedhame.

Kanaanis dhaabbileen barnoota olaanoo dhuunfaas tahee kan mootummaa hunduu barattoota isaanii eebbifaman National ID Fayda akka baafatan akka taasisan fi lakkoofsa galmee National ID Fayda isaaniis akka ergan ibsameera.

Join our Educational Channels:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@SAGALEESABAA
@SAGALEESABAA
Увайдзіце, каб разблакаваць больш функцый.