QOPHII QORMAATA KUTAA 12FFAA (BARNOOTA)
20.04.202518:14
Answers:
1. d 2. b 3. d 4. b
5. b 6. a 7. a 8. a
9. a 10. c 11. c 12. a
13. a 14. d 15. d 16. d
17. d 18. a 19. b 20. b
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1. d 2. b 3. d 4. b
5. b 6. a 7. a 8. a
9. a 10. c 11. c 12. a
13. a 14. d 15. d 16. d
17. d 18. a 19. b 20. b
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18.04.202516:38
Answer Key:
1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. a 9. d 10. b 11. b 12. a 13. a 14. a 15. b 16. a 17. d 18. a 19. a 20. a
1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. a 9. d 10. b 11. b 12. a 13. a 14. a 15. b 16. a 17. d 18. a 19. a 20. a
16.04.202517:45
ENGLISH SHORT SPOKEN EXPRESSIONS
✏️ WHATS UP: a short casual way to ask how someone is (Afaan Oromootiin "Maaltu haarawa" akka jechuuti)
✏️NO WORRIES: Means "It's okay" or "Don't worry about it. (Humaa hin yaadin)
✏️I'M ON IT: Means " I will do it now." (Ammaan godha)
✏️LONG TIME NO SEE: Used when we meet someone after a long time. (Ergaan si hin argin ture)
✏️SOUNDS GOOD!: Means that is good idea. (Yaada gaari)
✏️I'M ALL EARS: Means "I'm listening carefully". (Si faanaan jira/ Si caqasaatiion jira)
✏️TAKE IT EASY: Means "Relax" or "Don't stress" (Hin yaaddawin/ Kun si hin yaachisin).
✏️LET ME KNOW: Means "Tell me later when you decide" (Booda na beeksisi)
✏️MY BAD!: Means "It is my mistake" (Badiin tiyya)
✏️NO WAY: Means "I can't believe it!" (Gonkumaa hin fudhu)
✏️FANCY A CUPPA: Means "Do you want a cup of tea?" (Shaayii dhugdaa?)
✏️GIVE IT A GO: Means "Try it" (Itti yaali)
✏️BOB'S YOUR UNCLE: Means "That's it" or "Simple as that" (Kunoo sanuma)
✏️OFF YOU GO: Means "You kan leave now" (Deemu dandeessa)
✏️YOU ALRIGHT?: Means "How are you?" (Fayyaa keetii?)
✏️ STOP FAFING AROUND: Means "Stop wasting time" (Yeroo hin gubin).
KEEP YOUR CHIN UP: Means "Stay positive"
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✏️ WHATS UP: a short casual way to ask how someone is (Afaan Oromootiin "Maaltu haarawa" akka jechuuti)
✏️NO WORRIES: Means "It's okay" or "Don't worry about it. (Humaa hin yaadin)
✏️I'M ON IT: Means " I will do it now." (Ammaan godha)
✏️LONG TIME NO SEE: Used when we meet someone after a long time. (Ergaan si hin argin ture)
✏️SOUNDS GOOD!: Means that is good idea. (Yaada gaari)
✏️I'M ALL EARS: Means "I'm listening carefully". (Si faanaan jira/ Si caqasaatiion jira)
✏️TAKE IT EASY: Means "Relax" or "Don't stress" (Hin yaaddawin/ Kun si hin yaachisin).
✏️LET ME KNOW: Means "Tell me later when you decide" (Booda na beeksisi)
✏️MY BAD!: Means "It is my mistake" (Badiin tiyya)
✏️NO WAY: Means "I can't believe it!" (Gonkumaa hin fudhu)
✏️FANCY A CUPPA: Means "Do you want a cup of tea?" (Shaayii dhugdaa?)
✏️GIVE IT A GO: Means "Try it" (Itti yaali)
✏️BOB'S YOUR UNCLE: Means "That's it" or "Simple as that" (Kunoo sanuma)
✏️OFF YOU GO: Means "You kan leave now" (Deemu dandeessa)
✏️YOU ALRIGHT?: Means "How are you?" (Fayyaa keetii?)
✏️ STOP FAFING AROUND: Means "Stop wasting time" (Yeroo hin gubin).
KEEP YOUR CHIN UP: Means "Stay positive"
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15.04.202507:38
🎯Geography irratti Gaafilee waa'ee knowledge/Concept qabxiilee asii gadii kunneen dhufee?? Dhufe yoo tahe ati deebistee jirtaa??? Yoo hin deebisne tahe Maalif deebisuu dhabee dhiisii ammuma sirritti qabdhu!!
1. Geography: The study of Earth's surface, its physical features, and human activity.
2. Location: The position of something on Earth's surface.
3. Absolute Location: Exact location using coordinates (latitude, longitude).
4. Relative Location: Location in relation to other places.
5. Place: A specific point on Earth with unique human and physical characteristics.
6. Region: An area with unifying characteristics.
7. Formal Region: An area defined by a common characteristic.
8. Functional Region: An area defined by a common activity or interaction.
9. Perceptual Region: An area defined by subjective perceptions.
10. Scale: The relationship between distances on a map and distances on the ground.
11. Map: A representation of Earth's surface or part of it.
12. Map Projection: A way to represent the curved surface of the Earth on a flat map.
13. Latitude: Lines running east-west that measure distance north and south of the equator.
14. Longitude: Lines running north-south that measure distance east and west of the prime meridian.
15. Equator: 0° latitude, dividing Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
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16. Prime Meridian: 0° longitude, dividing Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
17. Hemisphere: Half of the Earth (Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western).
18. Grid System: A network of lines (latitude and longitude) used for locating places.
19. Spatial: Relating to space.
20. Distribution: The arrangement of features on Earth's surface.
21. Pattern: The spatial arrangement of features.
22. Density: The number of features per unit area.
23. Dispersion: The pattern of spacing among individuals within a population.
24. Flow: Movement of people, goods, or information.
25. Distance Decay: The diminishing interaction between places as distance increases.
26. Diffusion: The spread of ideas, innovation, or disease.
27. Relocation Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation through physical movement.
28. Expansion Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation from a central source outward.
29. Globalization: Increasing interconnectedness of the world through economic, political, and cultural exchange.
30. Accessibility: The ease of reaching a place.
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31. Landform: A natural feature of the Earth's surface.
32. Mountain: A large landform that rises prominently above its surroundings.
33. Hill: A raised landform, smaller than a mountain.
34. Plateau: A flat, elevated landform.
35. Plain: A flat, low-lying landform.
36. Valley: A low area between hills or mountains.
37. Canyon: A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
38. Glacier: A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
39. River: A large natural stream of water flowing in a channel.
40. Lake: A large body of water surrounded by land.
41. Ocean: A large body of saltwater.
42. Coastline: The boundary between land and ocean or lake.
43. Erosion: The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces.
44. Weathering: The breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces.
45. Deposition: The process by which sediments are laid down.
46. Tectonic Plate: A large piece of Earth's lithosphere that moves.
47. Plate Boundary: The boundary between tectonic plates.
48. Earthquake: A sudden shaking of the Earth's crust due to movement of tectonic plates.
49. Volcano: A vent in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases erupt.
50. Climate: The long-term average weather pattern in a region.
51. Weather: The short-term atmosphere pattern
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1. Geography: The study of Earth's surface, its physical features, and human activity.
2. Location: The position of something on Earth's surface.
3. Absolute Location: Exact location using coordinates (latitude, longitude).
4. Relative Location: Location in relation to other places.
5. Place: A specific point on Earth with unique human and physical characteristics.
6. Region: An area with unifying characteristics.
7. Formal Region: An area defined by a common characteristic.
8. Functional Region: An area defined by a common activity or interaction.
9. Perceptual Region: An area defined by subjective perceptions.
10. Scale: The relationship between distances on a map and distances on the ground.
11. Map: A representation of Earth's surface or part of it.
12. Map Projection: A way to represent the curved surface of the Earth on a flat map.
13. Latitude: Lines running east-west that measure distance north and south of the equator.
14. Longitude: Lines running north-south that measure distance east and west of the prime meridian.
15. Equator: 0° latitude, dividing Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
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16. Prime Meridian: 0° longitude, dividing Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
17. Hemisphere: Half of the Earth (Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western).
18. Grid System: A network of lines (latitude and longitude) used for locating places.
19. Spatial: Relating to space.
20. Distribution: The arrangement of features on Earth's surface.
21. Pattern: The spatial arrangement of features.
22. Density: The number of features per unit area.
23. Dispersion: The pattern of spacing among individuals within a population.
24. Flow: Movement of people, goods, or information.
25. Distance Decay: The diminishing interaction between places as distance increases.
26. Diffusion: The spread of ideas, innovation, or disease.
27. Relocation Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation through physical movement.
28. Expansion Diffusion: The spread of an idea or innovation from a central source outward.
29. Globalization: Increasing interconnectedness of the world through economic, political, and cultural exchange.
30. Accessibility: The ease of reaching a place.
More @SAGALEESABAA
31. Landform: A natural feature of the Earth's surface.
32. Mountain: A large landform that rises prominently above its surroundings.
33. Hill: A raised landform, smaller than a mountain.
34. Plateau: A flat, elevated landform.
35. Plain: A flat, low-lying landform.
36. Valley: A low area between hills or mountains.
37. Canyon: A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
38. Glacier: A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
39. River: A large natural stream of water flowing in a channel.
40. Lake: A large body of water surrounded by land.
41. Ocean: A large body of saltwater.
42. Coastline: The boundary between land and ocean or lake.
43. Erosion: The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces.
44. Weathering: The breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces.
45. Deposition: The process by which sediments are laid down.
46. Tectonic Plate: A large piece of Earth's lithosphere that moves.
47. Plate Boundary: The boundary between tectonic plates.
48. Earthquake: A sudden shaking of the Earth's crust due to movement of tectonic plates.
49. Volcano: A vent in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases erupt.
50. Climate: The long-term average weather pattern in a region.
51. Weather: The short-term atmosphere pattern
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14.04.202518:45
GRADE 8 Review Questions
👌500 multiple choice questions in each
(From our esteemed members)
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👌500 multiple choice questions in each
(From our esteemed members)
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13.04.202518:01
📌 BIOLOGY common questions about photosynthesis
1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Production of glucose
b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
c) Absorption of carbon dioxide
d) Release of oxygen
2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nucleus
3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Glucose
d) ATP
4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
a) Production of NADPH
b) Absorption of light energy
c) Splitting water molecules
d) Release of oxygen
5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+
b) ATP
c) Glucose
d) Carbon dioxide
6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
a) Oxygen
b) Glucose
c) ATP
d) NADPH
7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
a) Thylakoid membrane
b) Stroma
c) Grana
d) Cytoplasm
8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
a) Capture of light energy
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
c) Production of ATP
d) Release of oxygen
9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 6
10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP
b) Converted into glucose
c) Transferred to the light-dependent reactions
d) Released as waste products
11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP
b) NADPH
c) Water
d) Carbon dioxide
12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
a) Splitting water molecules
b) Regeneration of RuBP
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
d) Production of glucose
13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
a) They are released as waste products
b) They are used to produce ATP
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
d) They are converted into oxygen
14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
b) G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
c) NADP+
d) ATP
15. What is the overall purpose of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) To produce oxygen for cellular respiration
b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
c) To release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
d) To produce water as a byproduct
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1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Production of glucose
b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
c) Absorption of carbon dioxide
d) Release of oxygen
2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nucleus
3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Glucose
d) ATP
4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
a) Production of NADPH
b) Absorption of light energy
c) Splitting water molecules
d) Release of oxygen
5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+
b) ATP
c) Glucose
d) Carbon dioxide
6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
a) Oxygen
b) Glucose
c) ATP
d) NADPH
7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
a) Thylakoid membrane
b) Stroma
c) Grana
d) Cytoplasm
8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
a) Capture of light energy
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
c) Production of ATP
d) Release of oxygen
9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 6
10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP
b) Converted into glucose
c) Transferred to the light-dependent reactions
d) Released as waste products
11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP
b) NADPH
c) Water
d) Carbon dioxide
12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
a) Splitting water molecules
b) Regeneration of RuBP
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
d) Production of glucose
13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
a) They are released as waste products
b) They are used to produce ATP
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
d) They are converted into oxygen
14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
b) G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
c) NADP+
d) ATP
15. What is the overall purpose of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) To produce oxygen for cellular respiration
b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
c) To release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
d) To produce water as a byproduct
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19.04.202519:35
QUIZ ON THE ROLE OF ENZYME IN HUMAN DIGESTION
Mouth
1. Which enzyme begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Pepsin
b) Amylase
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
2. What is the optimal pH for salivary amylase to function?
a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2)
b) Slightly acidic (pH 5-6)
c) Neutral (pH 7)
d) Slightly alkaline (pH 7-8)
Stomach
3. Which enzyme, produced in the stomach, breaks down proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
4. What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
a) Neutralizes the pH of food
b) Activates pepsin
c) Breaks down fats
d) Absorbs nutrients
5. What is the optimal pH for pepsin to function?
a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2)
b) Slightly acidic (pH 5-6)
c) Neutral (pH 7)
d) Slightly alkaline (pH 7-8)
Small Intestine
6. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down carbohydrates?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
7. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down fats?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
8. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
9. Where in the small intestine are most digestive enzymes produced?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) None of the above
10. What is the role of bile in fat digestion?
a) Breaks down fats into smaller droplets
b) Neutralizes the pH of food
c) Activates lipase
d) Absorbs fats
Large Intestine
11. Are there any significant digestive enzymes produced in the large intestine?
a) Yes, several enzymes are produced
b) No, the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes
12. What is the main function of the large intestine?
a) Breakdown of carbohydrates
b) Breakdown of fats
c) Breakdown of proteins
d) Absorption of water and electrolytes
Answers
1. b) Amylase - Salivary amylase begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.
2. c) Neutral (pH 7) - Salivary amylase works best in a neutral pH environment.
3. c) Pepsin - Pepsin, produced in the stomach, breaks down proteins.
4. b) Activates pepsin - Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is crucial for activating pepsin, the main protein-digesting enzyme in the stomach.
5. a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2) - Pepsin functions optimally in the highly acidic environment of the stomach.
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6. a) Amylase - Pancreatic amylase continues the breakdown of carbohydrates that started in the mouth.
7. b) Lipase - Pancreatic lipase is the primary enzyme responsible for breaking down fats in the small intestine.
8. d) Trypsin - Pancreatic trypsin is a key protein-digesting enzyme that works in the small intestine.
9. a) Duodenum - The duodenum, the first part of the small intestine, is where most digestive enzymes from the pancreas are released.
10. a) Breaks down fats into smaller droplets - Bile, produced in the liver, emulsifies fats, breaking them into smaller droplets, increasing their surface area for lipase to work on.
11. b) No, the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes - The large intestine doesn't produce significant digestive enzymes.
12. d) Absorption of water and electrolytes - The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes, forming solid waste.
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Mouth
1. Which enzyme begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Pepsin
b) Amylase
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
2. What is the optimal pH for salivary amylase to function?
a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2)
b) Slightly acidic (pH 5-6)
c) Neutral (pH 7)
d) Slightly alkaline (pH 7-8)
Stomach
3. Which enzyme, produced in the stomach, breaks down proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
4. What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
a) Neutralizes the pH of food
b) Activates pepsin
c) Breaks down fats
d) Absorbs nutrients
5. What is the optimal pH for pepsin to function?
a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2)
b) Slightly acidic (pH 5-6)
c) Neutral (pH 7)
d) Slightly alkaline (pH 7-8)
Small Intestine
6. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down carbohydrates?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
7. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down fats?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
8. Which enzyme, produced in the pancreas, breaks down proteins?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
9. Where in the small intestine are most digestive enzymes produced?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) None of the above
10. What is the role of bile in fat digestion?
a) Breaks down fats into smaller droplets
b) Neutralizes the pH of food
c) Activates lipase
d) Absorbs fats
Large Intestine
11. Are there any significant digestive enzymes produced in the large intestine?
a) Yes, several enzymes are produced
b) No, the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes
12. What is the main function of the large intestine?
a) Breakdown of carbohydrates
b) Breakdown of fats
c) Breakdown of proteins
d) Absorption of water and electrolytes
Answers
1. b) Amylase - Salivary amylase begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.
2. c) Neutral (pH 7) - Salivary amylase works best in a neutral pH environment.
3. c) Pepsin - Pepsin, produced in the stomach, breaks down proteins.
4. b) Activates pepsin - Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is crucial for activating pepsin, the main protein-digesting enzyme in the stomach.
5. a) Highly acidic (pH 1-2) - Pepsin functions optimally in the highly acidic environment of the stomach.
More questions @sagaleesabaa
6. a) Amylase - Pancreatic amylase continues the breakdown of carbohydrates that started in the mouth.
7. b) Lipase - Pancreatic lipase is the primary enzyme responsible for breaking down fats in the small intestine.
8. d) Trypsin - Pancreatic trypsin is a key protein-digesting enzyme that works in the small intestine.
9. a) Duodenum - The duodenum, the first part of the small intestine, is where most digestive enzymes from the pancreas are released.
10. a) Breaks down fats into smaller droplets - Bile, produced in the liver, emulsifies fats, breaking them into smaller droplets, increasing their surface area for lipase to work on.
11. b) No, the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes - The large intestine doesn't produce significant digestive enzymes.
12. d) Absorption of water and electrolytes - The main function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes, forming solid waste.
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18.04.202516:37
📚 Multiple Choice Geography Questions
1. Which of the following is an example of an internal force?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
2. Which of the following is an example of an external force?
(a) Earthquakes
(b) Volcanic eruptions
(c) Glaciers
(d) Rivers
3. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of mountains?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
4. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of valleys?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
5. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sand dunes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
6. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of coral reefs?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
7. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sinkholes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
8. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of waterfalls?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
9. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of glaciers?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
10. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of volcanoes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
11. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of earthquakes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
12. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of canyons?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
13. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of deltas?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
14. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of fjords?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
15. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of atolls?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
16. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sea caves?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
17. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of stalactites and stalagmites?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
18. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sandbars?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
19. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of mesas and buttes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
20. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of arches and natural bridges?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
Answers
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1. Which of the following is an example of an internal force?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
2. Which of the following is an example of an external force?
(a) Earthquakes
(b) Volcanic eruptions
(c) Glaciers
(d) Rivers
3. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of mountains?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
4. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of valleys?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
5. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sand dunes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
6. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of coral reefs?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
7. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sinkholes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
8. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of waterfalls?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
9. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of glaciers?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
10. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of volcanoes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
11. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of earthquakes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
12. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of canyons?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
13. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of deltas?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
14. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of fjords?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
15. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of atolls?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
16. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sea caves?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
17. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of stalactites and stalagmites?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
18. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of sandbars?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
19. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of mesas and buttes?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
20. Which of the following is the primary force responsible for the formation of arches and natural bridges?
(a) Erosion
(b) Plate tectonics
(c) Weathering
(d) Mass wasting
Answers
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15.04.202517:22
Please barattoota keenya Chaanaaliin kun rakkoo keessa jira.
Share Woliif gochuun nu gargaaraa.
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15.04.202507:36
Barataan foormulaalee kanneen sirritti hubate qorumsa biyyoolessaarratti yoo xiqqaate gaafilee 50 ni hojjata. Ati hubattee??
Dura guututti Hin Hubanne Yoo Tahe;- Yeroo Gahaa Qabdaatii Ammumarraa eegali!!
Foormulaa Maths Barataan kutaa 12ffaa tokko Beekuu Qabu.....
👉Arithmetic
1. Basic Operations:
• Addition: a + b
• Subtraction: a - b
• Multiplication: a × b or ab
• Division: a/b
2. Percentage:
Percentage = Part / Whol} × 100
👉Algebra
1. Quadratic Formula:
x = -b ± √(b² - 4ac) / 2a
for ax² + bx + c = 0 .
2. Factoring Formulas:
• Difference of Squares: a² - b² = (a - b)(a + b)
• Perfect Square Trinomial: a² + 2ab + b² = (a + b)²
3. Exponents:
• aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ
• aᵐ/aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ
• (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ
4. Logarithms:
• Change of Base: logᵦ a = (logₖ a)/(logₖ b)
• logᵦ (xy) = logᵦ x + logᵦ y
• logᵦ ((x/y)) = logᵦ x - logᵦ y
👉Geometry
1. Area Formulas:
• Rectangle: A = l × w
• Triangle: A = ½ b h
• Circle: A = π r²
2. Perimeter Formulas:
• Rectangle: P = 2(l + w)
• Triangle: P = a + b + c
• Circle (Circumference): C = 2π r
3. Volume Formulas:
• Cube: V = s³
• Rectangular Prism: V = lwh
• Cylinder: V = π r² h
• Sphere: V = 4/3 π r³
4. Pythagorean Theorem:
a² + b² = c²
for a right triangle.
👉Trigonometry
1. Basic Trigonometric Ratios:
• Sine: sin(θ) = Opposite/Hypotenuse
• Cosine: cos(θ) = Adjacent/Hypotenuse
• Tangent: tan(θ) = Opposite/Adjacent
2. Pythagorean Identity:
sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1
3. Angle Sum and Difference Formulas:
• Sine:
• sin(a + b) = sin a cos b + cos a sin b
• sin(a - b) = sin a cos b - cos a sin b
• Cosine:
• cos(a + b) = cos a cos b - sin a sin b
• cos(a - b) = cos a cos b + sin a sin b
👉Calculus
1. Derivatives:
• Power Rule: f'(x) = nxⁿ⁻¹
• Sum Rule: (f + g)' = f' + g'
• Product Rule: (fg)' = f'g + fg'
• Quotient Rule: ((f/g))' = (f'g - fg')/g²
2. Integrals:
• Indefinite Integral:
∫xⁿ dx = xⁿ⁺¹ / n+1 + C, n ≠ -1
• Definite Integral:
A = ∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx
More @SAGALEESABAA
👉Statistics
1. Mean (Average):
Mean = ∑ xᵢ / n
2. Median:
• Middle value when data is ordered.
3. Mode:
• Most frequently occurring value.
4. Standard Deviation:
For population:
σ = √((∑ (xᵢ - μ)²)N)/(``)
For sample:
Good luck with your preparation time!📚
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Dura guututti Hin Hubanne Yoo Tahe;- Yeroo Gahaa Qabdaatii Ammumarraa eegali!!
Foormulaa Maths Barataan kutaa 12ffaa tokko Beekuu Qabu.....
👉Arithmetic
1. Basic Operations:
• Addition: a + b
• Subtraction: a - b
• Multiplication: a × b or ab
• Division: a/b
2. Percentage:
Percentage = Part / Whol} × 100
👉Algebra
1. Quadratic Formula:
x = -b ± √(b² - 4ac) / 2a
for ax² + bx + c = 0 .
2. Factoring Formulas:
• Difference of Squares: a² - b² = (a - b)(a + b)
• Perfect Square Trinomial: a² + 2ab + b² = (a + b)²
3. Exponents:
• aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ
• aᵐ/aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ
• (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ
4. Logarithms:
• Change of Base: logᵦ a = (logₖ a)/(logₖ b)
• logᵦ (xy) = logᵦ x + logᵦ y
• logᵦ ((x/y)) = logᵦ x - logᵦ y
👉Geometry
1. Area Formulas:
• Rectangle: A = l × w
• Triangle: A = ½ b h
• Circle: A = π r²
2. Perimeter Formulas:
• Rectangle: P = 2(l + w)
• Triangle: P = a + b + c
• Circle (Circumference): C = 2π r
3. Volume Formulas:
• Cube: V = s³
• Rectangular Prism: V = lwh
• Cylinder: V = π r² h
• Sphere: V = 4/3 π r³
4. Pythagorean Theorem:
a² + b² = c²
for a right triangle.
👉Trigonometry
1. Basic Trigonometric Ratios:
• Sine: sin(θ) = Opposite/Hypotenuse
• Cosine: cos(θ) = Adjacent/Hypotenuse
• Tangent: tan(θ) = Opposite/Adjacent
2. Pythagorean Identity:
sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1
3. Angle Sum and Difference Formulas:
• Sine:
• sin(a + b) = sin a cos b + cos a sin b
• sin(a - b) = sin a cos b - cos a sin b
• Cosine:
• cos(a + b) = cos a cos b - sin a sin b
• cos(a - b) = cos a cos b + sin a sin b
👉Calculus
1. Derivatives:
• Power Rule: f'(x) = nxⁿ⁻¹
• Sum Rule: (f + g)' = f' + g'
• Product Rule: (fg)' = f'g + fg'
• Quotient Rule: ((f/g))' = (f'g - fg')/g²
2. Integrals:
• Indefinite Integral:
∫xⁿ dx = xⁿ⁺¹ / n+1 + C, n ≠ -1
• Definite Integral:
A = ∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx
More @SAGALEESABAA
👉Statistics
1. Mean (Average):
Mean = ∑ xᵢ / n
2. Median:
• Middle value when data is ordered.
3. Mode:
• Most frequently occurring value.
4. Standard Deviation:
For population:
σ = √((∑ (xᵢ - μ)²)N)/(``)
For sample:
Good luck with your preparation time!📚
❤Unleash your super potential❤
“Your hard work today shapes your success tomorrow.”
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14.04.202518:43
Mul'ata kee salphaatti Milkeessuuf ilaalcha Sammuu ati Qabaachuu Qabdu!!
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The Best Mindset to Have!
_
1. Saying “I don’t know” is a smart strategy, rather than saying what you are not sure of.
2. Realise that your actions have consequences.
3. Isolate yourself at times from everything but never from yourself. Ignoring reality won’t make them go away.
4. Don’t read success stories, you will only get messages. Read failure stories, you will get some ideas to become successful.
5. Don’t measure life in terms of money, measure in terms of freedom.
6. Set an intention to bring positive energy to everything you do.
7. No excuses for weakness please! Your excuses will escort you to the grave.
8. To protect your sanity, become selfish with your energy. Stop giving it to arguments on the internet.
9. Remember, 99% of your biggest worries will never come to you.
Join our Educational Channels:
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The Best Mindset to Have!
_
1. Saying “I don’t know” is a smart strategy, rather than saying what you are not sure of.
2. Realise that your actions have consequences.
3. Isolate yourself at times from everything but never from yourself. Ignoring reality won’t make them go away.
4. Don’t read success stories, you will only get messages. Read failure stories, you will get some ideas to become successful.
5. Don’t measure life in terms of money, measure in terms of freedom.
6. Set an intention to bring positive energy to everything you do.
7. No excuses for weakness please! Your excuses will escort you to the grave.
8. To protect your sanity, become selfish with your energy. Stop giving it to arguments on the internet.
9. Remember, 99% of your biggest worries will never come to you.
Join our Educational Channels:
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13.04.202509:09
Chemical Kinetics (Unit 4) and Chemical Equilibrium (Unit 5).
1. The rate of a chemical reaction is defined as:
a) The change in concentration of reactants per unit time
b) The change in concentration of products per unit time
c) Either (a) or (b)
d) The total amount of reactants consumed
Answer: c) Either (a) or (b)
2. Which of the following factors affects the rate of a chemical reaction?
a) Temperature
b) Concentration of reactants
c) Presence of a catalyst
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
3. According to the Collision Theory, a reaction occurs when:
a) Reactant molecules collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation
b) Reactant molecules collide at any energy level
c) The activation energy is zero
d) There is no energy barrier
Answer: a) Reactant molecules collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation
4. Which of the following statements about a catalyst is true?
a) It increases the activation energy
b) It is consumed during the reaction
c) It decreases the activation energy
d) It changes the equilibrium position
Answer: c) It decreases the activation energy
5. In a first-order reaction, the rate of reaction depends on:
a) The square of the reactant concentration
b) The inverse of reactant concentration
c) The logarithm of reactant concentration
d) The reactant concentration raised to the power of one
Answer: d) The reactant concentration raised to the power of one
6. Which of the following is true about a chemical reaction at equilibrium?
a) The forward and reverse reaction rates are equal
b) The concentration of reactants is always greater than products
c) The reaction stops completely
d) The reaction favors the forward reaction
Answer: a) The forward and reverse reaction rates are equal
7. Le Chatelier’s Principle states that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it will shift to:
a) Favor the formation of reactants
b) Favor the formation of products
c) Counteract the disturbance
d) Remain unchanged
Answer: c) Counteract the disturbance
8. Which change will shift the equilibrium position of the following reaction to the right?
N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ 2NH₃(g) + heat
a) Increasing temperature
b) Increasing pressure
c) Removing reactants
d) Adding a catalyst
Answer: b) Increasing pressure
9. The equilibrium constant (K) is expressed as:
a) The ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium
b) The sum of reactant and product concentrations
c) The product of reactant and product concentrations
d) The difference between product and reactant concentrations
Answer: a) The ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium
10. If K > 1 for a reaction, this means that:
a) Reactants are favored
b) Products are favored
c) The reaction is not at equilibrium
d) The reaction is slow
Answer: b) Products are favored
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1. The rate of a chemical reaction is defined as:
a) The change in concentration of reactants per unit time
b) The change in concentration of products per unit time
c) Either (a) or (b)
d) The total amount of reactants consumed
Answer: c) Either (a) or (b)
2. Which of the following factors affects the rate of a chemical reaction?
a) Temperature
b) Concentration of reactants
c) Presence of a catalyst
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
3. According to the Collision Theory, a reaction occurs when:
a) Reactant molecules collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation
b) Reactant molecules collide at any energy level
c) The activation energy is zero
d) There is no energy barrier
Answer: a) Reactant molecules collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation
4. Which of the following statements about a catalyst is true?
a) It increases the activation energy
b) It is consumed during the reaction
c) It decreases the activation energy
d) It changes the equilibrium position
Answer: c) It decreases the activation energy
5. In a first-order reaction, the rate of reaction depends on:
a) The square of the reactant concentration
b) The inverse of reactant concentration
c) The logarithm of reactant concentration
d) The reactant concentration raised to the power of one
Answer: d) The reactant concentration raised to the power of one
6. Which of the following is true about a chemical reaction at equilibrium?
a) The forward and reverse reaction rates are equal
b) The concentration of reactants is always greater than products
c) The reaction stops completely
d) The reaction favors the forward reaction
Answer: a) The forward and reverse reaction rates are equal
7. Le Chatelier’s Principle states that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it will shift to:
a) Favor the formation of reactants
b) Favor the formation of products
c) Counteract the disturbance
d) Remain unchanged
Answer: c) Counteract the disturbance
8. Which change will shift the equilibrium position of the following reaction to the right?
N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ 2NH₃(g) + heat
a) Increasing temperature
b) Increasing pressure
c) Removing reactants
d) Adding a catalyst
Answer: b) Increasing pressure
9. The equilibrium constant (K) is expressed as:
a) The ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium
b) The sum of reactant and product concentrations
c) The product of reactant and product concentrations
d) The difference between product and reactant concentrations
Answer: a) The ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium
10. If K > 1 for a reaction, this means that:
a) Reactants are favored
b) Products are favored
c) The reaction is not at equilibrium
d) The reaction is slow
Answer: b) Products are favored
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19.04.202503:39
Maths multiple-choice questions about geometry
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the sum of the interior angles of a pentagon?
• a) 360°
• b) 540°
• c) 720°
• d) 900°
2. If two angles are vertically opposite, what is their relationship?
• a) They are complementary.
• b) They are supplementary.
• c) They are equal.
• d) They are adjacent.
3. What is the area of a triangle with base 10 cm and height 6 cm?
• a) 16 cm²
• b) 30 cm²
• c) 60 cm²
• d) 120 cm²
4. What type of triangle has all three sides of equal length?
• a) Scalene
• b) Isosceles
• c) Equilateral
• d) Right-angled
5. What is the name of a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides?
• a) Parallelogram
• b) Trapezoid/Trapezium
• c) Rhombus
• d) Rectangle
6. If a circle has a diameter of 14 cm, what is its radius?
• a) 7 cm
• b) 28 cm
• c) 44 cm
• d) 196 cm
7. What is the area of a square with side length 8 cm?
• a) 16 cm²
• b) 32 cm²
• c) 64 cm²
• d) 128 cm²
8. Two angles are said to be complementary if their sum is:
• a) 90°
• b) 180°
• c) 270°
• d) 360°
9. What is the name of a polygon with three sides?
• a) Quadrilateral
• b) Pentagon
• c) Triangle
• d) Hexagon
10. The Pythagorean theorem applies to which type of triangle?
• a) Acute
• b) Obtuse
• c) Right-angled
• d) Equilateral
11. What is the circumference of a circle with a radius of 5 cm (use π ≈ 3.14)?
• a) 15.7 cm
• b) 31.4 cm
• c) 78.5 cm
• d) 157 cm
12. What is the area of a parallelogram with base 12 cm and height 5 cm?
• a) 17 cm²
• b) 30 cm²
• c) 60 cm²
• d) 120 cm²
13. In an isosceles triangle, how many sides are equal in length?
• a) 0
• b) 1
• c) 2
• d) 3
14. What is the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon?
• a) 90°
• b) 180°
• c) 270°
• d) 360°
15. A regular hexagon has sides of equal length and angles of equal measure. What is the measure of each interior angle?
• a) 60°
• b) 90°
• c) 120°
• d) 150°
Answers (Hidden - Scroll to reveal):
1. b
2. c
3. b
4. c
5. b
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6. a
7. c
8. a
9. c
10. c
11. b
12. c
13. c
14. d
15. c
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Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the sum of the interior angles of a pentagon?
• a) 360°
• b) 540°
• c) 720°
• d) 900°
2. If two angles are vertically opposite, what is their relationship?
• a) They are complementary.
• b) They are supplementary.
• c) They are equal.
• d) They are adjacent.
3. What is the area of a triangle with base 10 cm and height 6 cm?
• a) 16 cm²
• b) 30 cm²
• c) 60 cm²
• d) 120 cm²
4. What type of triangle has all three sides of equal length?
• a) Scalene
• b) Isosceles
• c) Equilateral
• d) Right-angled
5. What is the name of a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides?
• a) Parallelogram
• b) Trapezoid/Trapezium
• c) Rhombus
• d) Rectangle
6. If a circle has a diameter of 14 cm, what is its radius?
• a) 7 cm
• b) 28 cm
• c) 44 cm
• d) 196 cm
7. What is the area of a square with side length 8 cm?
• a) 16 cm²
• b) 32 cm²
• c) 64 cm²
• d) 128 cm²
8. Two angles are said to be complementary if their sum is:
• a) 90°
• b) 180°
• c) 270°
• d) 360°
9. What is the name of a polygon with three sides?
• a) Quadrilateral
• b) Pentagon
• c) Triangle
• d) Hexagon
10. The Pythagorean theorem applies to which type of triangle?
• a) Acute
• b) Obtuse
• c) Right-angled
• d) Equilateral
11. What is the circumference of a circle with a radius of 5 cm (use π ≈ 3.14)?
• a) 15.7 cm
• b) 31.4 cm
• c) 78.5 cm
• d) 157 cm
12. What is the area of a parallelogram with base 12 cm and height 5 cm?
• a) 17 cm²
• b) 30 cm²
• c) 60 cm²
• d) 120 cm²
13. In an isosceles triangle, how many sides are equal in length?
• a) 0
• b) 1
• c) 2
• d) 3
14. What is the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon?
• a) 90°
• b) 180°
• c) 270°
• d) 360°
15. A regular hexagon has sides of equal length and angles of equal measure. What is the measure of each interior angle?
• a) 60°
• b) 90°
• c) 120°
• d) 150°
Answers (Hidden - Scroll to reveal):
1. b
2. c
3. b
4. c
5. b
More questions
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6. a
7. c
8. a
9. c
10. c
11. b
12. c
13. c
14. d
15. c
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18.04.202516:34
Qormaata Naannoo Kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa Guyyaa Barnootaa 46 Qofa Hufuu Beektuu Laata?
BBO- Ebla 10/2017 Qormaatni Naannoo kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa barattoota Naannoo Oromiyaa bara barnootaa 2017 akka sagantaa Biiroo Barnootaa Oromiyaatti Waxabajjii 16- 20/2017 jiddutti kan kennamu ta'uu kalaandariin barnootaa agarsiiseera.
Qormaata Naannoo kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa guyyoota barnootaa 46 kan hafe yoo ta'u, guyyoota Sanbataafi Dilbataa (tutooriyaaliifi qo'achuu barattootaa) dabalatee guyyoota 65 qofa kan hafan ta'uun hubatameera.
Kanaafuu barsiisotni barattootnifi maatiin barattootaa guyyoota hafan kanneen keessatti tutooriyaaliin kennitan, kan qo'attaniifi deeggarsi maatiin kennu qabxii barattootaa fooyyessuu keessatti gahee olaanaa waan qabuuf jijjiiramaaf waliin dhaabbachuu qabna kan jedhu dhaamsa BBO ti.
Dabalataanis Qormaatni Biyyoolessaa kutaa 12ffaa bara 2017 ji'a Waxabajjii keessa waan kennamuuf gamanumaa qophii akka xumuran ni beeksifna.
Walumaa galatti, manneen barnootaa deeggarsa barattootaaf taasisaa jirtan cimee akka itti fufu, barsiisotni gosa barnoota barsiisaniin '#portion' #dursanii_akka_xumuraniifi_waraqaalee_qormaataa_waggoota_darbanii_akka_shaakalsiisan wal yaadachiisuun qabxii ijoollee keenyaaf ni fayyada.
#_Qabxii_qormaataa_barattoota_keenyaaf_deeggarsi_barsiisotaafi_maatii_hundaa_ol_murteessaadha!
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BBO- Ebla 10/2017 Qormaatni Naannoo kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa barattoota Naannoo Oromiyaa bara barnootaa 2017 akka sagantaa Biiroo Barnootaa Oromiyaatti Waxabajjii 16- 20/2017 jiddutti kan kennamu ta'uu kalaandariin barnootaa agarsiiseera.
Qormaata Naannoo kutaa 6ffaafi 8ffaa guyyoota barnootaa 46 kan hafe yoo ta'u, guyyoota Sanbataafi Dilbataa (tutooriyaaliifi qo'achuu barattootaa) dabalatee guyyoota 65 qofa kan hafan ta'uun hubatameera.
Kanaafuu barsiisotni barattootnifi maatiin barattootaa guyyoota hafan kanneen keessatti tutooriyaaliin kennitan, kan qo'attaniifi deeggarsi maatiin kennu qabxii barattootaa fooyyessuu keessatti gahee olaanaa waan qabuuf jijjiiramaaf waliin dhaabbachuu qabna kan jedhu dhaamsa BBO ti.
Dabalataanis Qormaatni Biyyoolessaa kutaa 12ffaa bara 2017 ji'a Waxabajjii keessa waan kennamuuf gamanumaa qophii akka xumuran ni beeksifna.
Walumaa galatti, manneen barnootaa deeggarsa barattootaaf taasisaa jirtan cimee akka itti fufu, barsiisotni gosa barnoota barsiisaniin '#portion' #dursanii_akka_xumuraniifi_waraqaalee_qormaataa_waggoota_darbanii_akka_shaakalsiisan wal yaadachiisuun qabxii ijoollee keenyaaf ni fayyada.
#_Qabxii_qormaataa_barattoota_keenyaaf_deeggarsi_barsiisotaafi_maatii_hundaa_ol_murteessaadha!
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15.04.202514:17
⚠️ KANA BEEKTUU LAATA?
Akkam jirtu barattootaa?
Barnoonni nuti isiniif dhiheessaa jirru maal fakkaata?
Oduu gaddaa qabannee dhihaanneen Chaanaaliin keenya barnoota isiniif dabarsaa jiru akka adda kunnuuf nu dirqisiisaa jira.
Sababni isaa Chaanaaliin keenya hanqinoota garaa garaan warning ta'ee jira.
Kanaaf akka nuti itti fufnu namoonni barbaadda yoo jiraattan post keenya namoota mobile keessan irra jiraniif share godhaa.
Barnoota keenya itti fufsiisuun dirqama Lammummaa bahaa.
Namoonni chaanaalii fi garee qabdan akkasumas Namoonni hirriyoota telegram keessan irra qabdan akka nuuf affeeruun hojii keenya galmaan gahaa.
Lammiin Lammiif wolmalee homaan qabnu. ''Sa'a abbaan gaafa cabse ormi ija jaamsa'' jedha oromoon yoo nuti walhin barsiifne eenyutu nu barsiisa?
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Akkam jirtu barattootaa?
Barnoonni nuti isiniif dhiheessaa jirru maal fakkaata?
Oduu gaddaa qabannee dhihaanneen Chaanaaliin keenya barnoota isiniif dabarsaa jiru akka adda kunnuuf nu dirqisiisaa jira.
Sababni isaa Chaanaaliin keenya hanqinoota garaa garaan warning ta'ee jira.
Kanaaf akka nuti itti fufnu namoonni barbaadda yoo jiraattan post keenya namoota mobile keessan irra jiraniif share godhaa.
Barnoota keenya itti fufsiisuun dirqama Lammummaa bahaa.
Namoonni chaanaalii fi garee qabdan akkasumas Namoonni hirriyoota telegram keessan irra qabdan akka nuuf affeeruun hojii keenya galmaan gahaa.
Lammiin Lammiif wolmalee homaan qabnu. ''Sa'a abbaan gaafa cabse ormi ija jaamsa'' jedha oromoon yoo nuti walhin barsiifne eenyutu nu barsiisa?
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14.04.202518:46
▎QuestionsPlant Biology: Photosynthesis, plant structure and function, reproduction in plants
1. What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plants?
a) Absorb water
b) Absorb sunlight
c) Absorb nutrients
d) Absorb carbon dioxide
2. In which part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily occur?
a) Roots
b) Stems
c) Leaves
d) Flowers
3. What are the products of photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen and glucose
b) Carbon dioxide and water
c) Glucose and nitrogen
d) Oxygen and nitrogen
4. Which gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen
5. What is the main purpose of the stomata in leaves?
a) To absorb sunlight
b) To transport nutrients
c) To exchange gases
d) To store water
6. Which part of the plant is responsible for water and nutrient absorption?
a) Leaves
b) Stems
c) Roots
d) Flowers
7. What type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes in plants?
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Vegetative propagation
c) Sexual reproduction
d) Budding
8. In flowering plants, what is the male reproductive part called?
a) Pistil
b) Stamen
c) Ovule
d) Petal
9. What is the role of xylem in plants?
a) Transport food
b) Transport water and minerals
c) Photosynthesis
d) Reproduction
10. Which process involves the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma?
a) Fertilization
b) Pollination
c) Germination
d) Photosynthesis
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11. What is the main function of phloem in plants?
a) Transport water
b) Transport food (sugars)
c) Provide structural support
d) Store energy
12. Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of plants?
a) Carotenoids
b) Chlorophyll
c) Anthocyanins
d) Xanthophylls
13. What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through small openings in their leaves called?
a) Transpiration
b) Evaporation
c) Respiration
d) Condensation
14. In what form do plants store excess glucose?
a) Starch
b) Cellulose
c) Sucrose
d) Fructose
15. What type of plant reproduction occurs without the formation of seeds?
a) Sexual reproduction
b) Asexual reproduction
c) Cross-pollination
d) Self-pollination
▎Answers
1. b) Absorb sunlight
2. c) Leaves
3. a) Oxygen and glucose
4. c) Carbon dioxide
5. c) To exchange gases
6. c) Roots
7. c) Sexual reproduction
8. b) Stamen
9. b) Transport water and minerals
10. b) Pollination
11. b) Transport food (sugars)
12. b) Chlorophyll
13. a) Transpiration
14. a) Starch
15. b) Asexual reproduction
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1. What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plants?
a) Absorb water
b) Absorb sunlight
c) Absorb nutrients
d) Absorb carbon dioxide
2. In which part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily occur?
a) Roots
b) Stems
c) Leaves
d) Flowers
3. What are the products of photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen and glucose
b) Carbon dioxide and water
c) Glucose and nitrogen
d) Oxygen and nitrogen
4. Which gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen
5. What is the main purpose of the stomata in leaves?
a) To absorb sunlight
b) To transport nutrients
c) To exchange gases
d) To store water
6. Which part of the plant is responsible for water and nutrient absorption?
a) Leaves
b) Stems
c) Roots
d) Flowers
7. What type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes in plants?
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Vegetative propagation
c) Sexual reproduction
d) Budding
8. In flowering plants, what is the male reproductive part called?
a) Pistil
b) Stamen
c) Ovule
d) Petal
9. What is the role of xylem in plants?
a) Transport food
b) Transport water and minerals
c) Photosynthesis
d) Reproduction
10. Which process involves the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma?
a) Fertilization
b) Pollination
c) Germination
d) Photosynthesis
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11. What is the main function of phloem in plants?
a) Transport water
b) Transport food (sugars)
c) Provide structural support
d) Store energy
12. Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of plants?
a) Carotenoids
b) Chlorophyll
c) Anthocyanins
d) Xanthophylls
13. What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through small openings in their leaves called?
a) Transpiration
b) Evaporation
c) Respiration
d) Condensation
14. In what form do plants store excess glucose?
a) Starch
b) Cellulose
c) Sucrose
d) Fructose
15. What type of plant reproduction occurs without the formation of seeds?
a) Sexual reproduction
b) Asexual reproduction
c) Cross-pollination
d) Self-pollination
▎Answers
1. b) Absorb sunlight
2. c) Leaves
3. a) Oxygen and glucose
4. c) Carbon dioxide
5. c) To exchange gases
6. c) Roots
7. c) Sexual reproduction
8. b) Stamen
9. b) Transport water and minerals
10. b) Pollination
11. b) Transport food (sugars)
12. b) Chlorophyll
13. a) Transpiration
14. a) Starch
15. b) Asexual reproduction
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14.04.202518:41
Electromagnetism MCQs
1. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
a) Coulomb (C)
b) Ampere (A)
c) Volt (V)
d) Ohm (Ω)
Answer: a) Coulomb (C)
2. Which law describes the force between two point charges?
a) Gauss's law
b) Coulomb's law
c) Ohm's law
d) Faraday's law
Answer: b) Coulomb's law
3. What is the direction of the electric field around a positive point charge?
a) Radially inward
b) Radially outward
c) Tangential
d) Circular
Answer: b) Radially outward
4. Which of the following is true for a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium?
a) The electric field inside is zero
b) The electric potential is constant throughout
c) All excess charge resides on the surface
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
5. What does Gauss's law describe?
a) The relationship between electric flux and enclosed charge
b) The force between two charges
c) The energy stored in a capacitor
d) The magnetic field around a current-carrying wire
Answer: a) The relationship between electric flux and enclosed charge
6. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux?
a) Tesla (T)
b) Weber (Wb)
c) Henry (H)
d) Gauss (G)
Answer: b) Weber (Wb)
7. Which law describes the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire?
a) Faraday's law
b) Ampere's law
c) Lenz's law
d) Ohm's law
Answer: b) Ampere's law
8. What is the direction of the magnetic field around a straight current-carrying wire?
a) Parallel to the wire
b) Radial outward
c) Circular around the wire
d) Tangential
Answer: c) Circular around the wire
9. Which of the following is true about the force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field?
a) The force is always parallel to the velocity
b) The force is always perpendicular to the velocity
c) The force depends on the charge's mass
d) The force is zero if the charge is stationary
Answer: b) The force is always perpendicular to the velocity
10. What does Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction state?
a) The induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
b) The induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux
c) The magnetic field is proportional to the current
d) The electric field is proportional to the charge
Answer: a) The induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
11. What is the phenomenon where a changing magnetic field induces an electric current?
a) Electromagnetic induction
b) Magnetic resonance
c) Electric polarization
d) Magnetic hysteresis
Answer: a) Electromagnetic induction
12. Which of the following is NOT one of Maxwell's equations?
a) Gauss's law for electricity
b) Gauss's law for magnetism
c) Ohm's law
d) Faraday's law of induction
Answer: c) Ohm's law
13. What is the speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum?
a) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
b) 2 × 10⁸ m/s
c) 1 ×10⁸ m/s
d) 4 × 10⁸m/s
Answer: a) \( 3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s} \)
14. What is the primary function of a transformer?
a) Convert AC to DC
b) Step up or step down voltage
c) Store electrical energy
d) Measure current
Answer: b) Step up or step down voltage
15. Which device uses electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?
a) Motor
b) Generator
c) Transformer
d) Capacitor
Answer: b) Generator
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1. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
a) Coulomb (C)
b) Ampere (A)
c) Volt (V)
d) Ohm (Ω)
Answer: a) Coulomb (C)
2. Which law describes the force between two point charges?
a) Gauss's law
b) Coulomb's law
c) Ohm's law
d) Faraday's law
Answer: b) Coulomb's law
3. What is the direction of the electric field around a positive point charge?
a) Radially inward
b) Radially outward
c) Tangential
d) Circular
Answer: b) Radially outward
4. Which of the following is true for a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium?
a) The electric field inside is zero
b) The electric potential is constant throughout
c) All excess charge resides on the surface
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
5. What does Gauss's law describe?
a) The relationship between electric flux and enclosed charge
b) The force between two charges
c) The energy stored in a capacitor
d) The magnetic field around a current-carrying wire
Answer: a) The relationship between electric flux and enclosed charge
6. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux?
a) Tesla (T)
b) Weber (Wb)
c) Henry (H)
d) Gauss (G)
Answer: b) Weber (Wb)
7. Which law describes the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire?
a) Faraday's law
b) Ampere's law
c) Lenz's law
d) Ohm's law
Answer: b) Ampere's law
8. What is the direction of the magnetic field around a straight current-carrying wire?
a) Parallel to the wire
b) Radial outward
c) Circular around the wire
d) Tangential
Answer: c) Circular around the wire
9. Which of the following is true about the force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field?
a) The force is always parallel to the velocity
b) The force is always perpendicular to the velocity
c) The force depends on the charge's mass
d) The force is zero if the charge is stationary
Answer: b) The force is always perpendicular to the velocity
10. What does Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction state?
a) The induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
b) The induced current opposes the change in magnetic flux
c) The magnetic field is proportional to the current
d) The electric field is proportional to the charge
Answer: a) The induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
11. What is the phenomenon where a changing magnetic field induces an electric current?
a) Electromagnetic induction
b) Magnetic resonance
c) Electric polarization
d) Magnetic hysteresis
Answer: a) Electromagnetic induction
12. Which of the following is NOT one of Maxwell's equations?
a) Gauss's law for electricity
b) Gauss's law for magnetism
c) Ohm's law
d) Faraday's law of induction
Answer: c) Ohm's law
13. What is the speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum?
a) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
b) 2 × 10⁸ m/s
c) 1 ×10⁸ m/s
d) 4 × 10⁸m/s
Answer: a) \( 3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s} \)
14. What is the primary function of a transformer?
a) Convert AC to DC
b) Step up or step down voltage
c) Store electrical energy
d) Measure current
Answer: b) Step up or step down voltage
15. Which device uses electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?
a) Motor
b) Generator
c) Transformer
d) Capacitor
Answer: b) Generator
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13.04.202509:08
Biology multiple-choice questions related to microorganisms along with their answers
1. Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
A) Membrane-bound organelles
B) Nucleus
C) Circular DNA
D) Multicellular organization
Answer: C - Circular DNA
2. What is the primary role of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
A) Nitrogen fixation
B) Photosynthesis
C) Decomposition
D) Respiration
Answer: A - Nitrogen fixation
3. Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of yogurt?
A) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
C) Escherichia coli
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer: B - Lactobacillus bulgaricus
4. Antibiotics are effective against which type of organism?
A) Viruses
B) Fungi
C) Bacteria
D) All of the above
Answer: C - Bacteria
5. Which structure is found in viruses but not in bacteria?
A) Cell wall
B) RNA or DNA
C) Plasma membrane
D) Ribosomes
Answer: B - RNA or DNA
6. What process do yeast cells primarily undergo to produce energy under anaerobic conditions?
A) Fermentation
B) Aerobic respiration
C) Photosynthesis
D) Chemosynthesis
Answer: A - Fermentation
7. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Malaria
C) Influenza
D) Fungal infections
Answer: C - Influenza
8. Which microorganism is known for its role in bioremediation?
A) Lactobacillus
B) Pseudomonas
C) Penicillium
D) Saccharomyces
Answer: B - Pseudomonas
9. The Gram stain is used to differentiate bacteria based on what characteristic?
A) Shape
B) Size
C) Cell wall composition
D) Metabolic activity
Answer: C - Cell wall composition
10. Which of the following is a beneficial effect of microorganisms?
A) Causing disease
B) Decomposing organic matter
C) Producing toxins
D) Contaminating food
Answer: B Decomposing organic matter
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1. Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
A) Membrane-bound organelles
B) Nucleus
C) Circular DNA
D) Multicellular organization
Answer: C - Circular DNA
2. What is the primary role of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
A) Nitrogen fixation
B) Photosynthesis
C) Decomposition
D) Respiration
Answer: A - Nitrogen fixation
3. Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of yogurt?
A) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
C) Escherichia coli
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer: B - Lactobacillus bulgaricus
4. Antibiotics are effective against which type of organism?
A) Viruses
B) Fungi
C) Bacteria
D) All of the above
Answer: C - Bacteria
5. Which structure is found in viruses but not in bacteria?
A) Cell wall
B) RNA or DNA
C) Plasma membrane
D) Ribosomes
Answer: B - RNA or DNA
6. What process do yeast cells primarily undergo to produce energy under anaerobic conditions?
A) Fermentation
B) Aerobic respiration
C) Photosynthesis
D) Chemosynthesis
Answer: A - Fermentation
7. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Malaria
C) Influenza
D) Fungal infections
Answer: C - Influenza
8. Which microorganism is known for its role in bioremediation?
A) Lactobacillus
B) Pseudomonas
C) Penicillium
D) Saccharomyces
Answer: B - Pseudomonas
9. The Gram stain is used to differentiate bacteria based on what characteristic?
A) Shape
B) Size
C) Cell wall composition
D) Metabolic activity
Answer: C - Cell wall composition
10. Which of the following is a beneficial effect of microorganisms?
A) Causing disease
B) Decomposing organic matter
C) Producing toxins
D) Contaminating food
Answer: B Decomposing organic matter
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18.04.202516:42
Biology common Terms for Grade 12 Entrance Examinations
1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.
2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.
3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.
4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.
5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.
6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).
7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.
9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.
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10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.
12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.
13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.
14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
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15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.
16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.
17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.
18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.
19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.
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21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.
22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.
23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.
24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).
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25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell.
26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.
28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.
30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
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1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.
2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.
3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.
4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.
5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.
6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).
7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.
9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.
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10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.
12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.
13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.
14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
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15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.
16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.
17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.
18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.
19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.
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21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.
22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.
23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.
24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).
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25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell.
26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.
28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.
30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
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18.04.202502:35
🏖Biology common Terms for Grade 12 Entrance Examinations
1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.
2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.
3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.
4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.
5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.
6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).
7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.
9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.
10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
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11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.
12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.
13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.
14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
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15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.
16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.
17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.
18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.
19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.
21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.
22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.
23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.
24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).
25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell. More @SAGALEESABAA
26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.
28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.
30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
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1. Cell: The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes.
2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): A molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms and is responsible for heredity.
3. Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or function.
4. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information; humans typically have 46 chromosomes.
5. Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.
6. Meiosis: A specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and eggs).
7. Protein: A macromolecule made up of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
8. Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.
9. Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.
10. Respiration: The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
More questions @SAGALEESABAA
11. Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite external changes.
12. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment.
13. Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of species and genetic diversity.
14. Natural Selection: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
More @SAGALEESABAA
15. Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may affect an organism's ability to survive.
16. Allele: Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.
17. Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.
18. Genotype: The genetic constitution of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.
19. Autotroph: An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
20. Heterotroph: An organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms for energy.
21. Cell Membrane: A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.
22. Nucleus: The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.
23. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.
24. Organelle: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).
25. Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac within a cell that transports materials to different locations inside the cell. More @SAGALEESABAA
26. Antibody: A protein produced by the immune system that recognizes and neutralizes foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
27. Hormone: A chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates physiological processes in the body.
28. Symbiosis: A close interaction between two different species, which can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
29. Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time.
30. Trophic Level: The position an organism occupies in a food chain, determined by its feeding relationships (e.g., producers, primary consumers).
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15.04.202513:30
📌 20 chemistry multiple-choice questions with their answers:
1. What is the atomic number of carbon?
A) 6
B) 12
C) 14
D) 8
Answer: A) 6
2. Which of the following is a noble gas?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Argon
D) Hydrogen
Answer: C) Argon
3. What is the chemical formula for water?
A) H2O2
B) H2O
C) O2H
D) H2O3
Answer: B) H2O
4. Which of the following represents a chemical change?
A) Melting ice
B) Dissolving sugar in water
C) Rusting iron
D) Boiling water
Answer: C) Rusting iron
5. What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?
A) Ionic bond
B) Covalent bond
C) Metallic bond
D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: B) Covalent bond
6. What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?
A) 0
B) 7
C) 14
D) 1
Answer: B) 7
7. Which of the following is an exothermic reaction?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Combustion
C) Melting ice
D) Dissolving salt in water
Answer: B) Combustion
8. What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?
A) 16 g/mol
B) 18 g/mol
C) 20 g/mol
D) 14 g/mol
Answer: B) 18 g/mol
9. Which of the following elements is most electronegative?
A) Fluorine
B) Oxygen
C) Nitrogen
D) Chlorine
Answer: A) Fluorine
10. What is the main component of natural gas?
A) Propane
B) Ethanol
C) Methane
D) Butane
Answer: C) Methane
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1. What is the atomic number of carbon?
A) 6
B) 12
C) 14
D) 8
Answer: A) 6
2. Which of the following is a noble gas?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Argon
D) Hydrogen
Answer: C) Argon
3. What is the chemical formula for water?
A) H2O2
B) H2O
C) O2H
D) H2O3
Answer: B) H2O
4. Which of the following represents a chemical change?
A) Melting ice
B) Dissolving sugar in water
C) Rusting iron
D) Boiling water
Answer: C) Rusting iron
5. What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?
A) Ionic bond
B) Covalent bond
C) Metallic bond
D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: B) Covalent bond
6. What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?
A) 0
B) 7
C) 14
D) 1
Answer: B) 7
7. Which of the following is an exothermic reaction?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Combustion
C) Melting ice
D) Dissolving salt in water
Answer: B) Combustion
8. What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?
A) 16 g/mol
B) 18 g/mol
C) 20 g/mol
D) 14 g/mol
Answer: B) 18 g/mol
9. Which of the following elements is most electronegative?
A) Fluorine
B) Oxygen
C) Nitrogen
D) Chlorine
Answer: A) Fluorine
10. What is the main component of natural gas?
A) Propane
B) Ethanol
C) Methane
D) Butane
Answer: C) Methane
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14.04.202518:45
13.04.202518:02
Answer
1. b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
2. b) Thylakoid membrane
3. a) Water
4. b) Absorption of light energy (and also c) Splitting water molecules)
5. a) NADP+
6. b) Glucose
7. b) Stroma
8. b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
9. a) 1 (Note: Two G3P molecules are needed to form one glucose, but one turn produces one G3P.)
10. a) Used to regenerate RuBP
11. a) ATP (NADPH provides reducing power, but ATP provides energy.)
12. c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
13. c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
14. a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
15. b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
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1. b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
2. b) Thylakoid membrane
3. a) Water
4. b) Absorption of light energy (and also c) Splitting water molecules)
5. a) NADP+
6. b) Glucose
7. b) Stroma
8. b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
9. a) 1 (Note: Two G3P molecules are needed to form one glucose, but one turn produces one G3P.)
10. a) Used to regenerate RuBP
11. a) ATP (NADPH provides reducing power, but ATP provides energy.)
12. c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
13. c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
14. a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
15. b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
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13.04.202509:03
📌 Important Scientific Laws and Theories
➢ Ohm's Law - It states that the current passing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points provided the physical state and temperature etc. of the conductor does not change.
➢ Pauli exclusion principle - It explains that no two electrons in the same atom or molecule can have the same set of quantum numbers.
➢ Raman effect - It is the change in wavelength that occurs when light is scattered by the atoms or molecules in a transparent medium.
➢ Tyndall effect - The scattering of light by very small particles suspended in a gas or liquid.
➢ Boyles's Law - It states that temperature remaining constant, volume of a given mass of a gas varies inversely with the pressure of the gas. Thus,
PV = K (constant), where, P = Pressure and V = Volume.
➢ Charles's Law - It states that pressure remaining constant, the volume of a given mass of gas increases or decreases by 1/273 part of its volume at 0 degree celsius for each degree celsius rise or fall of its temperature.
➢ Coulomb's Law - It states that force of attraction or repulsion between two charges is proportional to the amount of charge on both charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
➢ Heisenberg principle (uncertainty principle) - It is impossible to determine with accuracy both the position and the momentum of a particle such as electron simultaneously.
➢ Archimede's principle - It states that a body when wholly or partially immersed in a liquid, experiences an upward thrust which is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by it. Thus, the body appears to lose a part of its weight. This loss in weight is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the body.
➢ Aufbau principle - It states that in an unexcited atom, electrons reside in the lowest energy orbitals available to them.
➢ Avogadro's Law - It states that equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.
➢ Brownian motion - It is a zigzag, irregular motion exhibited by small solid particles when suspended in a liquid or gas due to irregular bombardment by the liquid or gas molecules.
➢ Bernoulli's principle - It states that as the speed of a moving fluid, liquid or gas, increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. The aerodynamic lift on the wing of an aeroplane is also explained in part by this principle.
➢ Gay-Lussac’s Law of combining volumes - Gases react together in volumes which bear simple whole number ratios to one another and also to the volumes of the products, if gaseous — all the volumes being measured under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.
➢ Graham’s Law of Diffusion - It states that the rates of diffusion of gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their densities under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.
➢ Kepler's Law - Each planet revolves round the Sun in an elliptical orbit with the Sun at one focus. The straight line joining the Sun and the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals. The squares of the orbital periods of planets are proportional to the cubes of their mean distance from the Sun.
➢ Law of Floatation - For a body to float, the following conditions must be fulfilled: The weight of the body should be equal to the weight of the water displaced and the centre of gravity of the body and that of the liquid displaced should be in the same straight line.
➢ Law of conservation of energy - It states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be transformed from one form to another. Since energy cannot be created or destroyed, the amount of energy present in the universe is always remain constant.
➢ Newton's First Law of Motion - An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, with the same direction and speed in a straight line unless acted upon by some external force.
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➢ Ohm's Law - It states that the current passing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points provided the physical state and temperature etc. of the conductor does not change.
➢ Pauli exclusion principle - It explains that no two electrons in the same atom or molecule can have the same set of quantum numbers.
➢ Raman effect - It is the change in wavelength that occurs when light is scattered by the atoms or molecules in a transparent medium.
➢ Tyndall effect - The scattering of light by very small particles suspended in a gas or liquid.
➢ Boyles's Law - It states that temperature remaining constant, volume of a given mass of a gas varies inversely with the pressure of the gas. Thus,
PV = K (constant), where, P = Pressure and V = Volume.
➢ Charles's Law - It states that pressure remaining constant, the volume of a given mass of gas increases or decreases by 1/273 part of its volume at 0 degree celsius for each degree celsius rise or fall of its temperature.
➢ Coulomb's Law - It states that force of attraction or repulsion between two charges is proportional to the amount of charge on both charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
➢ Heisenberg principle (uncertainty principle) - It is impossible to determine with accuracy both the position and the momentum of a particle such as electron simultaneously.
➢ Archimede's principle - It states that a body when wholly or partially immersed in a liquid, experiences an upward thrust which is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by it. Thus, the body appears to lose a part of its weight. This loss in weight is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the body.
➢ Aufbau principle - It states that in an unexcited atom, electrons reside in the lowest energy orbitals available to them.
➢ Avogadro's Law - It states that equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.
➢ Brownian motion - It is a zigzag, irregular motion exhibited by small solid particles when suspended in a liquid or gas due to irregular bombardment by the liquid or gas molecules.
➢ Bernoulli's principle - It states that as the speed of a moving fluid, liquid or gas, increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. The aerodynamic lift on the wing of an aeroplane is also explained in part by this principle.
➢ Gay-Lussac’s Law of combining volumes - Gases react together in volumes which bear simple whole number ratios to one another and also to the volumes of the products, if gaseous — all the volumes being measured under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.
➢ Graham’s Law of Diffusion - It states that the rates of diffusion of gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their densities under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.
➢ Kepler's Law - Each planet revolves round the Sun in an elliptical orbit with the Sun at one focus. The straight line joining the Sun and the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals. The squares of the orbital periods of planets are proportional to the cubes of their mean distance from the Sun.
➢ Law of Floatation - For a body to float, the following conditions must be fulfilled: The weight of the body should be equal to the weight of the water displaced and the centre of gravity of the body and that of the liquid displaced should be in the same straight line.
➢ Law of conservation of energy - It states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be transformed from one form to another. Since energy cannot be created or destroyed, the amount of energy present in the universe is always remain constant.
➢ Newton's First Law of Motion - An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, with the same direction and speed in a straight line unless acted upon by some external force.
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