Is Jörð another name of Frigg? I believe so.
In Sæmundr Fróði’s Nóregs Konungatal, the earth is referred to as Odin’s wife multiple times.
Kennings he uses include;
Hárs Vífi: Hárr’s Wife
Þundar beðju: Þundr’s bedmate
Yggs mani/mani Yggjar: Yggr’s girl
One of Jörð’s epithets is Hlóðyn, the etymology of which is unclear; but quite possibly cognate to Hlín, an epithet of Frigg in the Völuspá, along with continental Holda and Frau Holle. Hlín refers to a handmaiden (or aspect?) of Frigg in the Gylfaginning, but in the older Völuspá, it’s another name of Frigg.
And, similar themes appear in other Indo-European religions, with the Earth Mother elevated to the position of Queen of Heaven through Her marriage to the Sky Father; for example, Sáti is reborn as Parvati in Her marriage to Shiva.
The name Frigg means beloved, cognate to the Sanskrit name Priya; Odin’s beloved. Frigg maintains a connection with the earth; Her hall is called Fensalir, Fen-Hall.
Art by John Charles Dollman, 1909. 𐃏
